Hormones, Homeostasis and reproduction
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- Created on: 14-04-16 08:37
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- Hormones, homeostasis, reproduction
- insulin and glucagon are secreted by alpha and beta cells in the pancreas to control blood glucose concentration
- 5 mmol -1
- alpha cells - gucagon if the blood level falls below the set point
- stimulates the breakdown of glycogen into glucose
- beta cells - insulin when blood glucose rises above the set point
- uptake of glucose to glycogen
- lowers the blood glucose concentration
- uptake of glucose to glycogen
- thyroxin is secreted by the thyroid gland to regulate the metabolic rate and help contro the body temperature
- iodine
- leptin is secreted by cells in adipose tissue and acts on the hypothalamus of the brain to inhibit appetite
- melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland to control circadian rhythms
- SCN
- set a daily rhythm
- SCN
- a gene on the Y chromosome causes embryonic gonads to develop as testes and secrete testosterone
- SRY codes for a DNA - binding protein called TDF
- testosterone causes prenatal development of male genitalia and both sperm production and development of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty
- estrogen and progesterone cause prenatal development of female reproductive organs and female secondary sexual characteristics during puberty
- the menstrual cycle is controlled by negative and positive feedback mechanisms involving ovarian and pituitary hormones
- follicular phase - creation of a egg ready to be fertilised
- luteal phase - wall of the follicle that releases an egg becomes a body called the corpus luteum
- FSH rises when menstrual cycle is ending - stmulates the development of follicles
- Estrogen - end of follicular phase. stimulates the repair and thickening of endometrium. inhibits FSH and stimulates LH
- LH - end of follicular phase, stimulates completion of meiosis and permits to the follice to release the egg (Ovulation) - progesterone
- progesterone - luteal phase and thickens the endometrium. lowers production of FSH and LH
- LH - end of follicular phase, stimulates completion of meiosis and permits to the follice to release the egg (Ovulation) - progesterone
- Estrogen - end of follicular phase. stimulates the repair and thickening of endometrium. inhibits FSH and stimulates LH
- follicular phase - creation of a egg ready to be fertilised
- insulin and glucagon are secreted by alpha and beta cells in the pancreas to control blood glucose concentration
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