homestasis

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  • Created by: E
  • Created on: 06-12-12 20:25
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  • homeostasis
    • positive feedback
      • optimum conditions
        • change away from the optimum
          • receptors detect the change
            • communication system informs the effector
              • effector acts to encourage change
                • change away from the optimum
                  • receptors detect the change
                    • communication system informs the effector
                      • effector acts to encourage change
                      • sensory receptors
                        • hypothalamusin the brain
                          • regulates and monitors the core body temperatures
                        • peripheral skin receptors
                          • temperature receptors in the skin - detects the temperatures outside
              • sensory receptors
                • hypothalamusin the brain
                  • regulates and monitors the core body temperatures
                • peripheral skin receptors
                  • temperature receptors in the skin - detects the temperatures outside
      • negative feedback
        • optimum conditions
          • change away from the optimum
            • sensory receptors detect the change
              • communication system informs the effector
                • effector reacts to reverse the change
                  • optimum conditions
                    • change away from the optimum
                      • sensory receptors detect the change
                        • communication system informs the effector
                          • effector reacts to reverse the change
        • communication system
          • neuronal
            • rapid response
          • hormonal
            • long term response
        • Endotherms- Temperature maintainance
          • Hypothalamus in the brain,
            • internal temp, of the blood flowing through it
          • peripheral receptors
            • temperature changes in the outside- prepares body for the change in outside env
          • temperature-LOW
            • vasoconstriction -walls of the arterioles, narrows the lumen of the arterioles-blood vessel is not too close to the surface- reduces loss of heat by radiation
            • less  sweat secreted- less loss by latent heat of evap
            • erector muscles, hair erect- trap layer of air- poor heat conductor
            • more metabolism- exergonic reaction- respiration, generate heat.
            • shivering-spontaneous contraction of muscles, respiration , heat release
        • Ectotherms- Temperature maintainance
          • no internal heat regulator- depends on heat energy from sun for respiration
          • behavioural adaptations to allow animal to cool down or warm up
            • less energy from food used up, more used in growth
            • may remain inactive for long periods
              • can survive longer without consuming food

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