B5

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  • Homeostasis and Response.
    • Homeostasis.
      • Maintains optimal conditions for enzyme reactions and other cell functions.
      • In humans this includes the control of-blood glucose concentration, body temperature and water levels.
      • The nervous system and hormones are responsible for it.
    • Control systems.
      • Receptors detect stimuli
      • Co-ordination centres (brain, spinal cord and glands)
      • Effectors are muscles and glands.
    • Human nervous system.
      • Allows humans to react to their surroundings and coordinate their behaviour.
      • Stimulus Receptor Coordinator Effector Response
    • Reflex arc.
      • The nerve pathways that allow fast, automatic responses.
      • Sensory   Relay    Motor
    • The endocrine system.
      • Composed of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream.
      • The blood carries the hormones to a target organ where it has an effect.
      • Pituitary gland, Pancreas, Thyroid, Ovary, Adrenal glands and Testes.
    • Blood glucose concentration.
      • Too low- glycogen released.
      • Too high- insulin released.

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