Homeostasis

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  • Homeostasis
    • maintaining a constant internal environment
      • Temperature
        • Too hot
          • capillaries dilate
            • blood rushes to skin surface
          • sweat
            • evaporates to cool down the skin
          • hairs lie flat
        • Too cold
          • shiver
            • produces kinetic energy to transfer to heat energy
          • capillaries constrict
            • less blood to skin surface
          • hairs stand on end
            • trap an insulating layer of air
        • best at 37 degrees celcius
        • thermoregulatory centre
          • hypothalamus
            • brain
          • senses changes in temperature
          • receives impulses (messages) from skin
            • senses changes in temperature
    • Water content
      • osmoreceptors
        • brain
        • too little water
          • concentrated urine
          • more ADH released by pituitary gland
            • more water reabsorbed into blood
              • more permeable collecting ducts
                • more ADH released by pituitary gland
                  • more water reabsorbed into blood
                    • more permeable collecting ducts
            • lost through sweat, urine, breathing
        • too little water
          • concentrated urine
          • lost through sweat, urine, breathing
        • too much water
          • osmoreceptors
            • dilute urine
            • less water reabsorbed into blood
              • less permeable collecting ducts
                • less ADH released by pituitary gland
                  • less water reabsorbed into blood
                    • less permeable collecting ducts
                      • less ADH released by pituitary gland
              • drinking too much
          • The Kidney
            • Urea
              • toxic
              • filtered out of the blood
              • produced from the breakdown of amino acids in the liver
            • Water
              • whatever is not needed is filtered out
              • useful reabsorbed
              • Water content
                • too much water
                  • dilute urine
                  • drinking too much
            • Ions
              • useful reabsorbed
            • Proteins
              • large molecules
                • cannot be filtered

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