Holderness coast
- Created by: sana.2000
- Created on: 05-05-19 20:00
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- Holderness coastal erosion
- why is erosion a problem at the Holderness coast
- geology
- boulder clay
- little resistance to erosion
- shallow sloping cliffs
- e,g Hornsea and Mappleton
- chalk
- more resistant
- landforms - headlands, cliffs, arches, stacks
- e.g. Flamborough head
- boulder clay
- Fetch
- the distance of open water over which they move
- greater the fetch the larger the waves
- small fetch (500-800km)
- sea floor
- deep sea floor. Waves reach the cliff without being weakened by friction with shallow beaches
- swell waves
- waves that originate from the mid-ocean which appear as larger waves amongst smaller, locally generated waves
- waves circulate around the UK from Atlantic Ocean into the N.sea adding energy to the waves
- powerful destructive waves
- low-pressure weather system/winter storms
- intense and produce string winds, waves and tides
- the distance of open water over which they move
- longshore drift and beach material
- boulder clay - clay particles
- transported by suspension
- narrow beaches
- little friction and do not absorb wave energy
- little deposition
- little friction and do not absorb wave energy
- tides flow southwards
- longshore drifts transports sediment south
- Hornsea is poorly protected
- longshore drifts transports sediment south
- boulder clay - clay particles
- sub-aerial processes and coastal erosion
- chemical
- only significant at Flamborough head (chalk)
- mechanical weathering - freeze-thaw/wetting and drying
- significant - boulder clay
- crumbly in dry period
- mass movement
- slumping
- crack then rain percolates which becomes lubricated and much heavier. cliff can't support weight and the clay slides downslope under gravity
- slumped material falls to base of cliff
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- slumping
- significant - boulder clay
- mass movement
- slumping
- crack then rain percolates which becomes lubricated and much heavier. cliff can't support weight and the clay slides downslope under gravity
- slumped material falls to base of cliff
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- slumping
- chemical
- geology
- key players on the Holderness coast
- central/local government
- environment agency are jointly responsible for coastal management
- funding has been cut in 2010
- environment agency are jointly responsible for coastal management
- stakeholders in the local economy
- tourist industry e.g. campsites want greater spending on coastal protection
- farmers - want money to be spend on farmland
- insurance companies - are increasingly refusing to insure vulnerable properties
- residents - wants guaranteed coastal protection for their homes and businesses
- environmental stakeholders
- RSPB want to protect spurn head
- continue longshore drift southwards
- protects mudflats of the Humber Estuary (protect birdlife reserves)
- RSPB want to protect spurn head
- central/local government
- impact of coastal management
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- why is erosion a problem at the Holderness coast
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