History- The Cold War 2

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  • History- The Cold War 2
    • Eastern Europe
      • At Yalta, was agreed that E. Eu should be a "Soviet Sphere of Influence"
        • US believed that this meant the govs of E. Eu would be "friendly" towards the USSR
        • USSR believed that this meant the USSR controlled the govs of the E. Eu countries. This was why the Red Army stayed in the countries they had liberated and help a communist takeover
      • Stalin created the Cominform to help control E. Eu
      • The only exception was Yugoslavia led by Tito which was the only communist country not under control of Stalin
      • In March 1946, Churchill described the USSR's control of E. Eu as an "Iron Curtain" because it seemed to have divided W. & E. Eu, with no way through
    • Truman Doctrine
      • In March 1947, Truman announced that to stop the spread of comminism the US offered what ever support was necessary to any country wanting to maintain "freedom"
    • Marshall Plan
      • Truman believed that poverty + hardship= communism so, US economic help was needed in W. Eu
      • George Marshall made up a plan- the Marshall Plan which sent economic aid to stop the spread of communism
      • Marshall aid was offered to all Eu countries, but Stalin would not allow E. Eu to apply
      • Stalin set up COMECON promoting trade between the E. Eu states
    • Berlin Blockade and Airlift
      • Stalin knew he could do nothing about how the W. zones of Ger were run so in June 1948, he cut all rail and road links from the west that led into the east
      • He also disrupted water and power supplies and whithout supplies the W. forces would have to withdraw
      • So the W. powers supplied the west with a continous "airlift"
      • In May 1949, Stalin eventually called off the blockade
    • The NATO and Warsaw Pacts
      • The North Atlantic Treaty Association (NATO) was set up shortly after the end of the Berlin Blockade in 1949
        • Members included all the W. powers plus the US and Canada. If one member was attacked all of them would respond
      • The Warsaw Pact was the USSR's answer to NATO and was set up 6 years after NATO in 1955
        • Members were the USSR and all the E. Bloc countries. If one member was attacted all the Warsaw Pact members would respond

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