Hinduism- theme 3
- Created by: Gradebaker
- Created on: 27-05-19 13:23
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- Hinduism- Theme 3
- Relationship between religion & society
- Diversity/pluralism
- Religious diversity- the coexistence of 2+ religious communities in a specific geopolitical setting
- Religious pluralism: a value, cultural or religious ideology which positively welcomes the encounter of religions
- Hinduism is naturally pluralistic
- Rig Vedic hymn says "Truth is one, though the sages know it variously"
- "All paths lead to me" -Krishna
- Sarvodaya
- Universal uplift/ progress of all
- 3 basic principles
- 1. Good of the individual is contained in the good of all
- 2. All have the same right or earning their livelihood from their work
- 3. A life of labour is a life worth living
- Gandhi embraced the term as a name for his social movement in post-independence India
- Exclusivism/ inclusivism
- Exclusivism:the belief that only 1 religion/ belief system is true
- The Hindutva movement emphasises Hindu nationalism
- The Arya Samaj asserts the infallible authority of the Vedas, implying the inferiority of other religions
- Inclusivism: asserts that while 1 particular religion is absolutely true, others are at least partially true
- Vivekananda's neo-vedanta promotes tolerance and respect to all spiritual paths
- Hindu scripture supports inclusivity
- Exclusivism:the belief that only 1 religion/ belief system is true
- Ishta devata
- Denotes a worshipper's preferred (or beloved) deity
- Permits a wide range of deities to be worshipped
- For many Hindus, the sincerity of one's worship is more important than the actual form bc deities are seen as manifestations of Brahman
- Denotes a worshipper's preferred (or beloved) deity
- Diversity/pluralism
- Changing roles of men & women
- Traditional views
- Vedas suggests woman's primary duty is to help her husband perform obligatory duties
- 4 prominent roles of a married Hindu woman
- 1. Servant- DASI
- 3. Mother- MATA
- 4. Lover- RAMBHA
- The Law Books state 'men and women are equal as sons and daughters'
- Ceremonies were performed by men for men
- Indira Gandhi
- 1st and currently the only female PM of India
- Actions reflect a desire to mobilise women
- "Given the opportunity to develop, capable Indian women have come to the top st once"
- Contemporary views
- Madhu Kishwar- Indian feminist, academic & writer
- Primary motive: working for women's equality & freedom in all areas of life
- 'Manushi'- "a pioneering feminist journal"
- Received an unusual amount of support from numerous men with different ideological orientations
- Madhu Kishwar- Indian feminist, academic & writer
- Traditional views
- Impact of migration on Hindu identity
- Hindu identity
- Certain key beliefs define a person as a Hindu
- 1. A dharmic lifestyle
- 2. Acceptance of pluralism
- 3. Disciplined family life/ care for the elderly
- Certain key beliefs define a person as a Hindu
- Hindu integration in Britain
- Main issue: lack of religious institutions
- Culture shock e.g. working week
- Funeral pyres- British public reacted badly
- Vivekananda said: "learn from everything that is good from others, but bring it in, and in your own way absorb it; do not become others"
- Hindu identity
- Relationship between religion & society
- Enhanced through festivals/ pilgrimage/ worship
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