Henry VIII

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  • Henry VIII
    • No Son
      • One of Henry's biggest aims was to have a son who would follow after him as King
        • Unfortunately his wife, Catherine of Aragon, produced only a daughter, Mary.
          • Henry decided to divorce Catherine, who was too old to have any more children, but he needed the  support of the Pope to do so.
    • Break with Rome
      • No Son
        • One of Henry's biggest aims was to have a son who would follow after him as King
          • Unfortunately his wife, Catherine of Aragon, produced only a daughter, Mary.
            • Henry decided to divorce Catherine, who was too old to have any more children, but he needed the  support of the Pope to do so.
      • The Pope, Clement VII, refused as it was against Catholicism to divorce.
      • Henry wanted control of the Church
    • Henry was bankrupt
      • He wanted to be powerful in Europe. He had already fought some very expensive wars in Europe and now desparately needed more money.
        • The monasteries were very rich. They owned a quarter of the land in the country.
          • Also, they made money by making people pay to get their sins forgiven.  If henry took over the monasteries he would be rich.
            • How would he close down all the monasteries without a valid reason?
              • Dissolution of the monasteries
                • Henry sent Thomas Cronwell to get evidence that the monks and nuns were not leading religious lives.
                  • By 1540, over 800 monasteries had been closed and their wealth taken by henry and his supporters.
                    • The Church under Henry VIII
                      • Henry appointed the Archbishop of Canterbury and all the bishops, instead of the Pope.
                        • Bible was in English
                          • Services were in English
                            • England stopped looking to the Pope for guidance and stopped sending him money
    • Problems
      • 1. Henry wants a son
        • 2. Henry  was bankrupt
          • 3. Henry wanted control of the  Church
  • Since medieval times there had been repeated struggles over whether the priests and Church leaders should obey the Pope or the King.
    • Henry wanted control of the Church
    • The powerful monasteries were loyal to the Pope. Henry VIII resented an outsider being in control of such a big part of English Life.
      • He wanted to control the Church in his own country.

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