Health and Education in China

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  • Created by: Safi
  • Created on: 23-05-17 11:05
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  • Health and Education in China
    • Health
      • Barefoot  doctors
        • One million trained for 6 months and then sent into villages , emphasis on practical skills
          • aim was to prevent young medical intellectuals from slipping into bourgeois mind set
        • Endemic diseases such as cholera and typhoid had high mortality rates in rural china
        • 90% of villages involved by 1976
      • Succeses
        • 1952 patriotic health movements, emphasis on prevention rather than a cure and hygiene
        • Reducing death rate from waterborne diseases (digging deeper wells and careful disposal of human waste)
        • Campaign about snails and there causing of schistosamiasis
        • Infant mortality rates fell and life expectancy from 41 in 1950 to 62 by 1970
      • Failures
        • 4 pests campaign, flies, mosquitoes, rats and sparrows, damage caused by sparrowcide vastly outweighed benefits
    • Education
      • By the Mid 50s a national system of literacy was established
        • Literacy rate rose from 20% in 1949 to 64% in 1964, by 1976 it was 70% due to the CR
          • Census in 1982, 11% of pop received education after 16, 26% had received education 12-16
        • However by 1956 fewer than half of 7-16 year olds were in full time education
        • Only 6.4% of the 1952 budget was given to education
        • Greater focus on science and technology
        • 'Key schools' that had entrance exams had the best teachers and places were reserved for children of high ranking party officals
      • Pinyin
        • Modernised form of phonetic mandarin, officially adopted in 1956
        • Gradually replaced the other forms of written Chinese, enabled literacy to spread further
      • Collapse of education after 1966
        • Education of 130 million children stopped 1966-70
        • undermined the purpose of education and made it difficult to restore faith in system
        • During the CR the point of education was to serve the Revolution and after there was more of a focus on practical work
      • 1949 there were 200 universities, byt 1961 there were 1289 but this dropped to 434 after the CR

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