Hazards of Volcanic Activity
- Created by: dreamrepeat
- Created on: 30-04-16 11:29
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- HAZARDS OF VOLCANIC ACTIVITY
- ENVIRONMENT
- ASHFALL - Mt Pinatubo, 1991 - blocked insolation => World Temperature fell by 1°C.
- ASHFALLS & LAHARS - Mt Pinatubo - More than 86,000 hectares of agricultural lands and fishponds were affected.
- VOLCANIC GASES - Laki Eruption, Iceland, 1783 - USA winter average temperature 4.8°C below 225 year average.
- LAHARS - Redoubt Volcano, Iceland, 1989-1990 - Pyroclastic flows melted snow & ice causing lahars in Drift River.
- Dense forest within 10km of the summit was destroyed.
- Reduce biodiversity of plant species.
- Destroyed / damaged 167 lakes
- Dense forest within 10km of the summit was destroyed.
- SOCIAL
- PYROCLASTIC FLOW - Montagne Pelee Volcano, Martinique - The city of St Pierre's 28,000 population died with only 2 survivors.
- Emotional Distress - breakdown of families
- Mt Pinatubo - 1.2 million people lost their homes around the volcano and had to migrate to shanty towns in Manila.
- Psychological effect on community as homes are destroyed
- Icelandic Eruption 2010 - 6,000 people affected as 4,000 flights cancelled.
- Companies had to compensate passengers - est. loss £120mn/day.
- Thomson lost £5/6mn/day.
- P&O ferries has to close all ferries & hire more staff
- ECONOMIC
- PYROCLASTIC FLOW - Redouet, Alaska - $1.8bn in damage.
- Companies had to compensate passengers - est. loss £120mn/day.
- Thomson lost £5/6mn/day.
- 2008 Kilauea, Hawaii - eruption led to acid rain, caused crops to fail => crops put in greenhouse => reduced profits.
- Mt Pinatubo 1991 - LAVA MOVEMENT & ASHFALL caused death 1mn livestock.
- £100mn spent on evacuation & emergency aid - OC of British taxpayers money being spent elsewhere.
- Soufriere Hills, Montserrat - 7,000 of 11,000 pop. forced to evacuate.
- SOCIAL
- PYROCLASTIC FLOW - Montagne Pelee Volcano, Martinique - The city of St Pierre's 28,000 population died with only 2 survivors.
- Emotional Distress - breakdown of families
- Mt Pinatubo - 1.2 million people lost their homes around the volcano and had to migrate to shanty towns in Manila.
- Psychological effect on community as homes are destroyed
- Icelandic Eruption 2010 - 6,000 people affected as 4,000 flights cancelled.
- P&O ferries has to close all ferries & hire more staff
- ECONOMIC
- PYROCLASTIC FLOW - Redouet, Alaska - $1.8bn in damage.
- 2008 Kilauea, Hawaii - eruption led to acid rain, caused crops to fail => crops put in greenhouse => reduced profits.
- Mt Pinatubo 1991 - LAVA MOVEMENT & ASHFALL caused death 1mn livestock.
- £100mn spent on evacuation & emergency aid - OC of British taxpayers money being spent elsewhere.
- Soufriere Hills, Montserrat - 7,000 of 11,000 pop. forced to evacuate.
- Soufriere Hills, Montserrat - 7,000 of 11,000 pop. forced to evacuate.
- ECONOMIC
- P&O ferries has to close all ferries & hire more staff
- PYROCLASTIC FLOW - Montagne Pelee Volcano, Martinique - The city of St Pierre's 28,000 population died with only 2 survivors.
- SOCIAL
- Soufriere Hills, Montserrat - 7,000 of 11,000 pop. forced to evacuate.
- ECONOMIC
- Companies had to compensate passengers - est. loss £120mn/day.
- PYROCLASTIC FLOW - Montagne Pelee Volcano, Martinique - The city of St Pierre's 28,000 population died with only 2 survivors.
- ENVIRONMENT
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