HAZARDS (volcanoes and earthquakes)

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  • HAZARDS
    • Earthquakes
      • Tsunami
        • Large wave caused by the displacement of water from an eartquake
        • Japan 2011
          • 200,000 killed,
          • nuclear contamination
          • 100,000 sent  to rescue people
          • 6 million homes lost
      • Liquefaction
        • loose soil behaves like liquid in an earthquake
        • Christchurch- 2011
          • 100km of water pipes damaged
          • 50% of city centre's buildings destroyed
      • Landslides
        • Kashmir 2005
          • weakened ground, causing more landslides during monsoon season
          • over 4 million homeless
    • Volcanoes
      • Pyroclastic flows/ surges
        • Destructive mass of hot ash
        • Montserrat- 1995
          • 19 people killed
          • Island evacuated
      • Lahars
        • volcanic mudflow
        • Montserrat- lahars destroyed large areas and covered the island in mud and ash
      • CASE STUDY- KILAUEU
        • shield volcano
          • caused by an overheated area of the Earth's core
        • continuously erupting since 1983
          • erupted in March 2011 generating 2.5million cubic mets of lava/day
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