Hazard Management: A Variety of Approaches
- Created by: belle-madeleine
- Created on: 28-02-18 12:06
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- Hazard Management: A Variety of Approaches
- The Swiss Cheese Model
- Hazard and disaster risk can be reduced
- Reduce systematic weaknesses
- Reduce the scale of the system weaknesses
- Framework for hazard management
- Modifying the hazard event
- Modifying vulnerability and resilience
- Individual
- Commuity
- Country
- Modifying the loss
- Hazard and disaster risk can be reduced
- Modifying the Hazard Event
- Micro Protection
- Strengthening individual buildings
- Macro Protection
- Large-scale protective measure to protect communities
- Earthquakes
- Mostly micro approaches
- Keeping hospitals, police stations and pipelines operational
- Schools and factories strengthened for shelter
- Retrofit programmes to strengthen buildings
- Mostly micro approaches
- Tsunamis
- Tsunami walls
- Replanting of coasts
- Mangroves act a buffer
- Absorbing energy of waves
- Reduce flow speed
- Reduce height
- Mangroves act a buffer
- Volcanoes
- Diverting and chilling lava flows
- Spraying sea water
- Diverting and chilling lava flows
- Micro Protection
- Modifying Vulnerability and Resilience
- Approaches and Adaptations
- Prediction, forecasting and warnings
- Tsunami warning system
- Detect tsunamis in advance and issue warnings
- Network of sensors
- Tsunami warning system
- Improvements in community preparedness
- Working with groups
- Land-use planning
- Governance has limitations of affordability on prediction and prevention measures
- Adaption is modifying resilience
- How well an individual, community or country recovers from a hazard
- Prediction, forecasting and warnings
- Volcanoes: A Hazard Vulnerability Success Story?
- Volcanoes usually give warning
- Small earthquakes
- Swelling of ground surface
- Network sensors predict eurption
- Evacuation
- Death toll reduced since 1980
- Evacuation
- Volcanoes usually give warning
- Science to Reduce Earthquake Vulnerability
- The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Protection deployed 1000 motion accelerometeres
- Kyoshin Network
- Primary and secondary wave velocities are measured and logged during earthquakes
- Data is sent to the municipality and used for local emergency management and response
- UN World Food Programme
- Use technology and communication
- Use technology and communication
- The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Protection deployed 1000 motion accelerometeres
- Approaches and Adaptations
- Modifying the Loss
- Seismologists work with computer risk analysts to help insurance companies calculate premiums and risk
- 70% of people are unprotected
- Insurance companies tend not to insure for damage done by shock waves and tremors
- Computers estimate damage
- Seismicity
- How frequent earthquakes are
- Seismic hazard
- Strength of shaking
- Seismic risk
- Amount of risk
- Seismicity
- Disaster Aid and Internal Governmental Aid
- The aid is for protecting life, health, subsistence and physical security
- There are poor or corrupt distributions
- A Complex Risk Environment
- Governments and businesses remain unprepared for tectonic hazards
- Poor governments don't have the resources or technical expertise
- Governments must strengthen planning processes
- Clarity of process in the chains of command
- Activating and connecting independent local experts with policymakers
- Governments and businesses remain unprepared for tectonic hazards
- Hyogo and Sendai approach to Disaster Management
- The World Conference on Disaster Reduction was held in Hygogo in 2005
- Established a framework for action
- Promote a strategic and systematic approach to reducing vulnerability and risks to hazards through building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters
- Replaced by the Sendai Framework 2015
- Understanding disaster risk
- Strengthening governance to manage disaster risk
- Investing in disaster-risk reduction enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response
- Build back better
- Established a framework for action
- The World Conference on Disaster Reduction was held in Hygogo in 2005
- Seismologists work with computer risk analysts to help insurance companies calculate premiums and risk
- The Swiss Cheese Model
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