Hard and Soft Water
- Created by: Uswa
- Created on: 24-03-13 15:09
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- Hard and Soft water
- Soap
- Soft water readily forms lather with soap
- Hard water reacts with soap to form SCUM so more soap is needed
- Soap less detergents don't form scum
- Hard Water
- Contains dissolved compounds, usually Mg or Ca
- Compounds are dissolved when water comes in contact with rocks
- Two types of hard water
- PERMANENT hard water- remains hard when boiled
- TEMPORARY hard water- softened by boiling
- Because it contains hydrogen carbonate ions
- That decompose when heated to produce carbonate ions
- Which reacts with the Ca and Mg ions to form a precipitate
- That decompose when heated to produce carbonate ions
- Because it contains hydrogen carbonate ions
- Evaluate
- Benefits
- Calcium compounds are
- Good for development
- Good for maintenance of bones and teeth
- Helps reduce heart disease
- Calcium compounds are
- Drawbacks
- Increase costs, as more soap is needed
- When temporary hard water is heated, it produces scale
- Which reduced efficiency of kettles and heating systems
- Benefits
- Contains dissolved compounds, usually Mg or Ca
- Hard water can be made soft by removing Ca and Mg ions, by
- Adding Sodium Carbonate
- Reacts with Ca and Mg ions to form a precipitate
- Calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate
- Reacts with Ca and Mg ions to form a precipitate
- Commercial water softners, like ION EXCHANGE COLUMN
- Contain hydrogen/sodium ions which replace the Ca and Mg ions as the hard water passes through the column
- Adding Sodium Carbonate
- Soap
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