GTE TRI 1 EP 7
- Created by: Loz1669
- Created on: 02-01-20 18:25
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- Genes to ecosystems
- Intro to population and evolutionary genetics
- A population is a localised group of individuals belonging to the same species
- A species is a group of populations which can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
- Population genetics
- Different phenotypes appear with different frequencies within a population.
- It is the frequencies of the allele that we are interested in.
- Different phenotypes appear with different frequencies within a population.
- Variability and allelic frequencies
- The variability of phenotypes in an individual population is due to allelic frequencies
- Differences in frequency of phenotype set in the pop is due to allelic frequencies
- Usually the frequency of an allele is given as a percentage or fraction
- If there are 2 alleles that cause a phenotype they will both add up to make 100%
- In population genetics, frequencies of alleles are shown by p & q they both will always add up to 1
- If there are 2 alleles that cause a phenotype they will both add up to make 100%
- Usually the frequency of an allele is given as a percentage or fraction
- Differences in frequency of phenotype set in the pop is due to allelic frequencies
- The variability of phenotypes in an individual population is due to allelic frequencies
- Hardy weinberg law: allele frequencies remain the same throughout generations
- Assumptions: mating is random, large population, no selection, immigration and emigration, p and q = 1
- p^2 +2pq + q^2
- Mechanisms causing frequency changes
- Small populations: chance events: genetic drift: the loss of alleles from the population by chance or bottleneck effect
- Founder effect - island populations
- Gene flow between populations
- Mutational change
- Non-random mating
- Assortative mating
- Natural selection
- Assumptions: mating is random, large population, no selection, immigration and emigration, p and q = 1
- Intro to population and evolutionary genetics
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