GTE TRI 1 EP 6

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  • Created by: Loz1669
  • Created on: 02-01-20 17:46
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  • Genes to ecosystems
    • Human genetics
      • Autosomal cross
      • For human genetics we use pedigrees
        • Pedigree symbols
      • Genetic trait
        • Non deleterious affects
      • Genetic diseases e.g haemophilia (sex-linked recessive)
      • Mitochondrial genetic diseases
        • DNA in mitochondria
        • Passed down through female line
        • Inheritance types:
          • Mitochondrial inheritance: In this unique type of inheritance, the mitochondria contain their own DNA. Only mitochondrial disorders caused by mutations in the mitochondrial DNA are exclusively inherited from mothers. If this is the way a mitochondrial disease was inherited, there is a 100% chance that each child in the family will inherit a mitochondrial disease.
          • Autosomal recessive inheritance: This child receives one mutated copy of a gene from each parent. There is a 25% chance that each child in the family will inherit a mitochondrial disease.
          • Autosomal dominant inheritance: This child receives one mutated copy of a gene from either parent. There is a 50% chance that each child in the family will inherit a mitochondrial disease
          • Random mutations: Sometimes genes develop a mutation of their own that is not inherited from a parent
      • Multifactorial
        • Breast cancer: family of genes increase susceptibility. BRCA produce DNA repair enzymes
        • Obesity
          • Genetic or environmental
      • Human genome sequencing project
        • High proportion of non-coding DNA in humans
        • 90% of genome is junk DNA
        • Probably has a function i.e epigenetic regulation / produces RNA molecules

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