Grammatical Development
- Created by: sadlergeorgia
- Created on: 19-04-15 15:08
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- Grammatical language development
- Single word stage (1)
- 12 - 18 months
- single word utterances
- group of words learned as a single unit e.g allgone
- naming function
- holophrases
- single words with more complex messages
- situation, gestures, & intonation helps parent understand
- more complex construction
- understanding is more advanced
- understand more unusual requests
- respond to 2 word instructions
- Two word stage (2)
- 18 months
- 2 words - grammatically correct order
- omission
- repeats adult but omits words
- words retained in correct grammatical order
- focus on key words
- express a range of complex meanings
- Bloom 1973
- same sentence used to express different meanings
- ambiguity
- some two word utterances arise partly because inflectional affixes are abesnt
- 's' - plural / possession
- 'ed' verb ending - past tense
- some two word utterances arise partly because inflectional affixes are abesnt
- Telegraphic stage (3)
- about 2
- 3 - 4 word utterances
- some are grammatically complete
- subject + verb + object
- subject + verb + complement
- subject + verb + adjective
- use key words and omit others
- determiners
- auxiliary verbs
- prepositions
- rapid progress
- wider range of structures
- simple statements
- questions
- commands
- age 3 - previously omitted words are used
- more than 1 clause
- co-ordinating conjunctions
- wider range of structures
- inflectional affixes
- gradually acquired
- age 5 - know basic grammatical rules but not all mastered
- Acquisition of inflections (4)
- predictable pattern
- 'ed' and 'ing' word endings
- functional words
- determiners 'a' and 'the'
- auxiliary verbs acquired in a regular order
- Brown 1973
- studied children's language development between 20 months and 36 months
- sequence occurred regularly
- 1 - 'ing'
- 2 - plural 's'
- 3 - possessive 's'
- 4 - 'the' 'a'
- 5 - past tense 'ed'
- 6 - 3rd person singular verb ending 's'
- 7 - auxiliary 'be'
- Cruttenden 1979
- divided acquisiton of inflections into 3 stages
- 1 - unanalysed use
- memorise words on individual basis
- no regard for general principles/rules
- 2 - awareness of general principles
- apply regular endings to words which require irregular inflections
- observe plural nouns end in 's'
- overgeneralisation
- 3 - correct inflections used, including irregulars
- predictable pattern
- Understandin-g grammatical rules (5)
- Berko 1985
- proved children learn rules
- pictures of fictional characters called 'wugs'
- showed children a picture of 1 and said 'this is a wug'
- showed children a picture of 2 and said 'what are these?'
- children 3 - 4 said 'wugs'
- applied rule that plurals usually end in 's'
- children 2 1/2 - 5 overgeneralise
- Berko 1985
- Questions (6)
- acquire skill of asking questions in 3 stages
- 1 - rely on intonation alone
- understand how tone of voice of voice indicates a question
- 2 - 2nd - question words
- 1st - 'what' and 'where'
- 2nd - 'why', 'how' and 'who'
- 3 - 3rd year - auxiliary verbs
- reverse order of subject + verb
- 'wh' words not always inverted correctly
- Negation
- 1 - single dependence on words 'no' and 'not'
- 2 - 3rd year - 'don't' and 'can't' - before subject and after verb
- 3 - more negative forms - 'didn't' 'isn't' - negative constructions used more accurately
- Single word stage (1)
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