Government and opposition, 1871-1888
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- Created on: 24-03-22 12:16
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- Government and Opposition, 1871-1888
- Election results
- 1871 Election, National Liberals got 125 Seats. Zentrum had 63
- This was good for Bismarck as it meant he could implement policy (unification), NL were natural allies. Clear influence of the church was growing to be concerning
- 1874 Election, NL = 155, Zentrum= 91, Socialist groups= 9
- 1877 Election, NL=128, Zentrum=94, SDP= 12
- 1878 Election, NL=99, bc they split and lost influence Zentrum=94, SPD=9
- Election results
- 1871 Election, National Liberals got 125 Seats. Zentrum had 63
- This was good for Bismarck as it meant he could implement policy (unification), NL were natural allies. Clear influence of the church was growing to be concerning
- 1874 Election, NL = 155, Zentrum= 91, Socialist groups= 9
- 1877 Election, NL=128, Zentrum=94, SDP= 12
- 1878 Election, NL=99, bc they split and lost influence Zentrum=94, SPD=9
- Bismark called 1878 in hopes that NL would lose seats to end his dependence. They lost 29. allowed bismark to introduce tarrifs in 1879
- 1878 Election, NL=99, bc they split and lost influence Zentrum=94, SPD=9
- 1880-1890 Election results significant changes - SDP= 12 seats in 1881, 35 seats in1890.
- 1871 Election, National Liberals got 125 Seats. Zentrum had 63
- Bismark called 1878 in hopes that NL would lose seats to end his dependence. They lost 29. allowed bismark to introduce tarrifs in 1879
- Election results
- 1878 Election, NL=99, bc they split and lost influence Zentrum=94, SPD=9
- 1880-1890 Election results significant changes - SDP= 12 seats in 1881, 35 seats in1890.
- 1871 Election, National Liberals got 125 Seats. Zentrum had 63
- Policies
- Further reuinfication
- NL leader Rudolf Von Bennigsen ideologically favoured this policy. Reichstag agreed over 100 laws to bring administrative and economic unity to new state. e.g, 1876 Reichbank establishment.
- This demonstrates thanks to Bismarks selective political alliances, policy direction was skillfully commanded.
- A single court system (1879)
- NL leader Rudolf Von Bennigsen ideologically favoured this policy. Reichstag agreed over 100 laws to bring administrative and economic unity to new state. e.g, 1876 Reichbank establishment.
- Kulturkampf
- Struggle for culture. Bismarck wary of the political influence of church (63 seats 1871), which could obstruct policy direction
- End of Kulturkampf
- Gave catholicism more influence via making martyrs. natural allies -protestant cconservatives didnt like weaponisation of religion -socialism bigger threat to german unity -need support from zentrum bc free trade NL liked was unsustainable
- Success - alliane with austria in 1879, zentrum turned to purely religious party supporting empire, thus strengthening unity. Bismark no longer dependent on NL.
- Gave catholicism more influence via making martyrs. natural allies -protestant cconservatives didnt like weaponisation of religion -socialism bigger threat to german unity -need support from zentrum bc free trade NL liked was unsustainable
- Further reuinfication
- Election results
- Parties
- National Liberals
- Bismarcks OG natural ally, supported him on several policy ventures such as the Kulturkampf, Unification
- Relationship as political frontrunner eroded after increased desire for power (1874, army budget 7 yrs). irritated Bmark. Protectionism stress lead to demise, and bismark was freed from NL reliance
- conservatives
- Government and Opposition, 1871-1888
- Policies
- Further reuinfication
- NL leader Rudolf Von Bennigsen ideologically favoured this policy. Reichstag agreed over 100 laws to bring administrative and economic unity to new state. e.g, 1876 Reichbank establishment.
- This demonstrates thanks to Bismarks selective political alliances, policy direction was skillfully commanded.
- A single court system (1879)
- NL leader Rudolf Von Bennigsen ideologically favoured this policy. Reichstag agreed over 100 laws to bring administrative and economic unity to new state. e.g, 1876 Reichbank establishment.
- Kulturkampf
- Struggle for culture. Bismarck wary of the political influence of church (63 seats 1871), which could obstruct policy direction
- End of Kulturkampf
- Gave catholicism more influence via making martyrs. natural allies -protestant cconservatives didnt like weaponisation of religion -socialism bigger threat to german unity -need support from zentrum bc free trade NL liked was unsustainable
- Success - alliane with austria in 1879, zentrum turned to purely religious party supporting empire, thus strengthening unity. Bismark no longer dependent on NL.
- Gave catholicism more influence via making martyrs. natural allies -protestant cconservatives didnt like weaponisation of religion -socialism bigger threat to german unity -need support from zentrum bc free trade NL liked was unsustainable
- Further reuinfication
- Policies
- National Liberals
- 1870 doctrine of papal infallibility, 1864 syllabus of errors made enemies of the liberals, Bismarks allies.
- 1871, reichsfeinde, (zentrum home of bismarcks enemies), May 1872, diplomatic relations with rome cut off, may 1973 laws (only prussia) limited role of church
- Central association of german manufacturers 1878 campaigned for the introduction of tarrifs on german imports. Peasant farmers also wanted this to protect against cheap foreign grain
- trade tariffs introducerd in 1879, after Bismark was no longer reliant on the pro free trade NL. Tariffs supported by German conservatives, free conservatives and zentrum
- Economic protectionism
- trade tariffs introducerd in 1879, after Bismark was no longer reliant on the pro free trade NL. Tariffs supported by German conservatives, free conservatives and zentrum
- Tariffs in 1879- introduced an 'alliance of steel and rye'
- October 1878 anti socialist laws (DIDNT ban the SDP) Trade unions banned,socialist meetings/connections banned, police powers increased, socialist publications banned
- Anti socialist laws renewed 4 times, banning socialist labour movement until caprivi1890. Bismarck tried to make it permanent in 1889.
- Trade unionism remained strong- 278K in TU by 1890
- Results of antisoc law- bismarck political authority felt insecure.
- Cabinet, civil service and prussian lantag purged in 1880 to remove lib sympathisers
- 1880 SDP rejected terrorism - legitimised party and mitigated chances of scapegoat
- Results of antisoc law- bismarck political authority felt insecure.
- Trade unionism remained strong- 278K in TU by 1890
- Anti socialist laws renewed 4 times, banning socialist labour movement until caprivi1890. Bismarck tried to make it permanent in 1889.
- 1890- SDP party membership 1.5M
- 15k socialist activists imprisoned. SDP struggled to find candidates- August Bebel stood in 35 constituencies in 1881
- Results of antisoc law- bismarck political authority felt insecure.
- Cabinet, civil service and prussian lantag purged in 1880 to remove lib sympathisers
- 1880 SDP rejected terrorism - legitimised party and mitigated chances of scapegoat
- Bismark felt compelled to introduce state soc to prevent SDP appeal. Medical (1883) Accident (1884) Pension (1889)
- Results of antisoc law- bismarck political authority felt insecure.
- 15k socialist activists imprisoned. SDP struggled to find candidates- August Bebel stood in 35 constituencies in 1881
- prussian ideals- agreed with policy direction
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