RE - Eduqas Meaning and Origin - GOOD AND EVIL
- Created by: KarolK
- Created on: 06-04-18 13:20
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- Good and Evil
- Natural Law and Conscience
- St.Thomas Aquinas- developed natural law as thinks everything has a purpose
- What is Natural Law?
- Basic law 'do good and avoid evil'
- Humans have a knowledge of what is good as we were made by God
- As created in the image and likeness of God (Genesis 1:27)
- All humans know what's right as its written on their hearts. No rules needed.
- Humans find purpose by becoming what God wants them to be and living in harmony with God, others and Creation
- Also following natural law and doing good and avoiding evil.
- Basic law 'do good and avoid evil'
- What is Natural Law?
- Thomas Aquinas
- 'All activity of reason and will springs from us as being what we are by nature'
- Everything we do comes natrually
- 'All reasoning draws on sources we recognise naturally'
- We know what is right and wrong without being told.
- Natural law given us inner compass, called Synderisis , that points us to good.
- 'All activity of reason and will springs from us as being what we are by nature'
- 'For man has in his heart a law inscribed by God' - CCC
- Catholic Church say everyone has duty to inform conscience
- Train conscience through self - criticising, prayer and scripture
- Listen to Church and teachings to inform conscience
- St.Thomas Aquinas- developed natural law as thinks everything has a purpose
- Can suffering be good?
- After fall of Adam and Eve, suffering entered
- Jesus' crucifixion was ultimate act of self-giving love releasing us from eternal suffering
- He healed our broken relationship with God as God took on human form and payed the price
- Symbol of love
- Jesus' suffering gives meaning to our sufferings. Jesus was fully God and Human so experienced all kind suffering.
- In suffering we grow closer to God as He tells us to 'carry the cross' with Him.
- Traditionally cross sign of weakness and punishment however now symbol of God sharing pain as it can make us better.
- When we suffer we share our sorrow. We believe that God gives us courage through bad times.
- He healed our broken relationship with God as God took on human form and payed the price
- Keywords
- Iniquities- immoral behaviour
- Evaluating good and evil
- 'The existence of suffering proves there is no God' (15 marks)
- 1) Inconsistent Triad- God cannot be all powerful, all knowing and kind as it can't uphold evil. Therefore God doesn't exist or doesn't have all qualities
- However Christians believe God has a reason but it's beyond our understanding
- 2) We are created 'Imago Dei' so we are sacred and made in God's likeness. Therefore God is non-existent or not perfect.
- However "I know the plans I have for you" God has a plan for us but we must have faith
- 3) God is described as omni-benelovent but how if evil exists. He can't be all loving or He doesn't exist.
- However, when God gave us life, He gave us free will so evil exists due to humans.
- 1) Inconsistent Triad- God cannot be all powerful, all knowing and kind as it can't uphold evil. Therefore God doesn't exist or doesn't have all qualities
- 'The existence of suffering proves there is no God' (15 marks)
- Suffering and Virtues
- The Catholic Church teaches "To know him, love him, and serve him,so as to be happy with Him now and forever"
- If we built our spiritual treasure, that include virtues, then our life would be fulfilled.
- Virtue- A quality deemed to be morally good
- Faith- human freely commits their entire self to God
- Hope- we desire the kingdom of Heaven and eternal life as our happiness
- Love- we love God above all things for his own sake, and our neighbour as ourselves for the love of God
- Justice- the constant and permanent determination to give everyone their rightful due
- Prudence (wisdom) - allows us to judge correctly what is right and wrong in any situation
- Fortitude - Allows us to overcome fear and remain steady in our will in the face of obstacles
- Temperance- the restraint of our desires or passions
- Catholic Church teaches us that suffering helps us develop these virtues
- God allows suffering in order to awaken us up to reality. and repent and turn to God.
- Catechism says "in illness, man experiences his powerlessness, his limitations, and his finitude"
- St Thomas Aquinas
- We can respond to suffering in two ways, by turning toward God , or by turning away from God
- "the evils which bear us down here drive us to go to God"
- "But we can harden our hearts and turn away from God even more, in our suffering."
- He says God allows suffering to provoke us to search for Him and realise that present life is temporary
- Cardinal and Theological virtues are developed through suffering teaching us patience, love an endurance
- We can respond to suffering in two ways, by turning toward God , or by turning away from God
- The Catholic Church teaches "To know him, love him, and serve him,so as to be happy with Him now and forever"
- Catholic response to suffering
- St John Paul II
- IN 1984 he wrote an encyclical called Salvifici Doloris (Human Suffering)
- Salvifici Doloris
- "that suffering will not get the best of him, that it will not deprive him of his dignity"
- Suffering makes us grow
- "Gospel paradox of weakness and strength"
- Weakness there is great strength
- "God has confirmed his desire to act especially through suffering"
- We need to feel lost in order to win.
- Two types of suffering
- Physical- suffering of body. Pain and discomfort caused by illness or injury
- Moral - mental anguish; pain of soul / spiritual nature leaving deep invisible wounds
- "Christ causes us to enter into the mystery and to discover the ‘why’ of suffering"
- "I will all the more gladly boast of my weakness, that the power of Christ may rest upon me"
- Pope explain 'why' he focuses on presence of God, becoming better people as it produces endurance, builds character and gives hope.
- "Yet if one suffers as a Christian, let him not be ashamed but under that name let him glorify God"
- Catholic suffering can be bonded with Jesus. They can gain strength and courage.
- "that suffering will not get the best of him, that it will not deprive him of his dignity"
- St John Paul II
- Origins of Evil
- Natural Evil
- Suffering caused by events which are not human in origin
- Moral Evil
- Suffering caused by humans acting in a way that is considered morally wrong
- Inconsistent Triad
- If God is benevolent He does not want people he loves to suffer
- If God is omnipotent He is powerful enough to eradicate suffering
- If God is omniscient He know we would suffer and knows how to stop it
- Can't be all either missing one or doesn't exist
- Christian responses to Evil
- God gave us free will, 10 commandmetns and follow Jesus' life but humans decide to follow him
- God has a plan for u even if we don't understand but we have to trust + have faith
- God has a reason for allowing suffering but it's beyond human understanding
- Evil is a preparation for heaven as it gives us a chance to become better people and God will reward them
- Christians believe where evil comes from?
- Result of Adam's and Eve's disobedience as they ate the forbidden fruit so they were punished . aka 'The Fall'
- All people inherited a tendency to sin from A&E called original sin we are born to cause suffering
- "....the intent of man's heart is evil from his youth."
- Have sin in our hearts, cleared at baptism
- "....the intent of man's heart is evil from his youth."
- That if there is a power of good (God) there's a power of evil ie devil as he disobeyed God
- Not a thing or person. St Augustine said it's the privation of good so if enough do good evil is removed
- Creation story "And God saw that it was good."
- Believe it's a psychological problem that no one is inherently evil but depending on upbringing
- Natural Evil
- Natural Law and Conscience
- 'And surely I am with you always, to the very end of time' - Matthew's Gospel
- When we suffer we share our sorrow. We believe that God gives us courage through bad times.
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