Glob, modernity, POMO & Marxist POMO

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  • Glob, modernity, POMO & Marxist POMO
    • BB
      • soc = undergoing maj changes recently
      • new tech & med have had maj impact on lives
      • some see changes as funda shift f/ mod age to POMO age
        • others disagree - change = part of mod itself
    • modernity & globalisation
      • theories part of 'enlight' & search for new ways to imp soc through human reason - rat & sci = help us und
      • modern soc
        • key chars:
          • nation state
            • pop have shared lang & culture - nat - imp source of id - we have country w/ boundaries & culture
          • Cap
            • eco of mod state based on wage labour - linked to ind & growth in wealth, mass prod using low skilled labour
          • rat, sci & tech
            • soc grows > sec
          • individualism
            • trads < imp as guides to beh, greater personal freedom can def own id
      • globalisation
        • 'the increasing interconnections of people across national boundaries'
          • undermines Durkheim as sugg worship 1 thing, this sugg lots
        • 4 changes have brought glob
          • technological changes
            • transport devel = travel > places in few hours
              • send/ receive info in few secs
                • 'time-space compression' (time = smaller as things happen quicker)
                  • tech brought risk on glob scale e.g. terrorism
          • economic changes
          • political changes
            • in borderless world, consumers have > power than nat gov
              • states have > ability to reg economy
          • changes in culture & id
            • cultures strugg to exist in isolation
              • media played key role in this - live in global culture w/ shared images
    • POMO
      • live in unstable era - image & reality - indisting
        • def ourselves by what we consume
      • Lyotard - no obj criteria to prove whether theory is true
        • 2 consequences
          • 1) enlight = dead
          • 2) any theory that claims ab truth = meta narr
        • rej absolut - views = merely true to those who hold them
      • Simulacra
        • Baudrillard
          • soc = based on buy & sell of knowl inform of images & signs
          • signs stand for nothing but themselves - e.g. buy designer clothes for label
          • live amongst simulacra - reality = 'hyperreality'
            • signs in 'hyperre' appear > real than reality - signs = meaningless
      • culture, id & politics
        • culture & id = diff now because of role of media in creating 'hyperre'
          • media = everywhere creating endless versions of the truth
            • culture = fragmented
              • no longer fixed set of shared v's in soc
          • id = destabilised
            • construct own id f/ wide range of media & images
      • EVAL
        • doesn't consider how r/c can manip the media
        • soc can be imp - human probs solved & political decision has impact
        • impact of media - highl sig of media for culture & id
    • late modernity
      • rapid changes = continuation of modernity
      • enlight project = still val
      • Giddens - disembedding & reflexivity
        • now in state of late mod - rapid soc change happens on global scale because of disemb & refl
        • no longer need face-to-face contact to interact
        • trad = < imp - no lnger guides our actions - beh > individualised
          • refl= response to this rise of indiv
      • Beck
        • late mod soc = risk soc - faces new dangers
          • in past, dangers due to soc inab to control nature
            • now, dangers = manufactured risks caused by hum activity e.g. global warming
        • risk consc
          • people alter lives to avoid risk e.g. use condoms
          • great deal of our knowl of risk comes f/ mass media - distort
    • Marxist POMO
      • bel in enlight & aim of disc knowl to imp soc
        • soc - mod => POMO - been maj change in soc
          • POMO = result of Cap - Cap prone to periodic crisis
      • EVAL
        • is rev poss? - POMO age => frag of opp to Cap
        • w/c don't realise are opp
        • recent change in Cap - they expl how recent changes are linked to Cap
      • Harvey - Flexible accumulation
        • crisis of 70's gave rise to new regime of accum
          • new way of achiev profit - this replaced mass prod sys
        • involves use of ICT, job insecurity etc (job for life?)
        • led to changes in consumptoin - prod such as fashion bec imp source of profit
          • makes money out of our id's
  • refl= response to this rise of indiv

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