Glaciers
- Created by: hjaelr
- Created on: 24-04-17 12:54
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- Glaciers
- Erosion
- Freeze-Thaw weathering - A crack in a rock fills with water which then freezes as the temperature drops. As the ice expands it pushes the cracks apart, eventually causing the rock to break
- Plucking - rocks and stones become frozen to the base or sides of a glacier and are plucked from the surface as the glacier moves. It leaves behind a jagged surface
- Abrasion - mechanical scraping of a rock surface by friction between rocks and moving particles. It leaves behind a smooth surface and striations (scratches)
- Transport
- Englacial transport occurs in the middle region of the glacier
- Supra glacial transport occurs on the top layer of the glacier
- Subglacial transport occurs at the bottom of the glacier
- Movement
- Basal slip is when the glacier slides over the bed due to the meltwater under the ice
- Rotational slip is the semicircular movement of the ice as it moves downslope along a concave surface
- Internal Deformation occurs when the weight of the glacier causes the ice crystals to deform. Happens when the ice is completely frozen
- Bulldozing is when ice pushes materials of any shape and size as it moves slowly forward
- Ice crystal deformation is when the ice stretches downhill in an elastic motion. Compression causes faults and expansion causes crevasses
- Deposition
- Till is the bed of broken rock fragments left behind as the glacier slowly retreats away
- Outwash is the deposit of sand and gravel carried by running water from the melting glacier ice
- Erosion
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