Giolitti's Reforms
Giolitti's Reforms: Economic, Social, Key Groups and Electoral Reforms
- Created by: shanies
- Created on: 02-11-12 21:22
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- Giolitti's Reforms
- major expansion of industry
- Real wages rose by 25% between 1890-1913
- social reforms
- laws controlling female and child labour
- establishment of social insurance and pensions schemes
- tried to make the state more neutral in industrial disputes, instead of automatically using its power against workers
- this shift in approach failed to satisfy the unions, and the growth of socialism continued
- Giolittis policy worried some industrialists who feared that the Liberal govt would no longer defend their interests. to them a neutral govt appeared to be a govt on the side of the workers
- his attempts at social reform were to some extent undermined by the fact that he used the methods of the traditional corrupt politicians TRASFORMISMO
- electoral reforms
- the franchise was extended to all males aged over 30+
- winning the key groups
- Giolittis aim of bringing all groups together was fine in theory, but did not work in practice ('absorb' them)
- fell back on the old policy of foreign expansion to win support: gave way to nationalist pressure and in 1911 attacked Libya,then ruled Turkey
- many ordinary Italians resented the war. they were conscripted to fight in a conflict they did not understand, and paid for in through increased taxation
- may have reduced criticisms from the nationalist Right, but it strengthened criticisms from Socialists and Catholics
- many ordinary Italians resented the war. they were conscripted to fight in a conflict they did not understand, and paid for in through increased taxation
- increase in the number of civil servants and other professional groups
- joined PETTY BOURGEOISIE who were increasing as the economy developed
- some of these groups were concerned about the dangers of Socialism, the power of business, and the weakness of the govt
- joined PETTY BOURGEOISIE who were increasing as the economy developed
- 'Red Week'
- 1914 saw the worst outbreak of mass unrest since 1898. riots and demonstration/ some radicals seized control of govt buildings
- his policy of never interfering in strikes and leaving violent demonstration's undisturbed at first proved successful
- compared before Giolitti (tensions and upheavals) Giolitti era for most part relatively stable
- economic reforms (economic progress had been rapid)
- national military service and introduction of free primary education has helped to create a greater sense of Italian nationhood
- national income rising from 61BN lira in 1895 to 92BN lira 1915/ increase in foreign trade in the 50yrs up to 1913
- taxes on food had been reduced/ Liberal govts had spent money to improves roads, railways and the supply of drinking water (national economy)
- major expansion of industry
- Real wages rose by 25% between 1890-1913
- laws controlling female and child labour
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