Geography Revision 1.2 Hazardous Earth
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- Created on: 03-11-18 15:10
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- Geography Revision 1.1/2/3 Hazardous Earth
- Tropical Cyclones
- Typhoon Haiyan
- Primary Impacts
- Airport Damaged
- 28,700 injured
- 6,300 died
- Secondary Impacts
- Nearly 2 million people homeless
- 11 million people affected
- Local government in some areas collapsed
- Primary Impacts
- Hurricane Katrina
- Primary Impacts
- 1,800 people died
- 300,000 homes were destroyed
- Oil platforms were destroyed
- Secondary Impacts
- 10,000 people left homeless
- 230,000 jobs lost due to destroyed businesses
- Water diseases like cholera spread very easily
- Primary Impacts
- Typhoon Haiyan
- Climate change
- The Greenhouse Effect- The retention of heat in the atmosphere caused by the build-up of greenhouse gases.
- Global Warming-The rise in the average temperature of the Earth's surface
- Greenhouse Gas-The gases responsible for global warming - carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and CFCs
- Natural causes
- Volcanic activity - during a volcanic eruption carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere.
- Solar output - there can be fluctuations in the amount of radiation from the sun. If there is high amount emitted there will be an increase in Earth's temperatures.
- The Earth has natural warming and cooling periods caused by Milankovitch cycles or variations in the tilt and/or orbit of the Earth around the Sun (Wobble, roll and stretch theory).
- Humans Causes
- Burning fossil fuels, eg coal, gas and oil - these release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
- Dumping waste in landfill - when the waste decomposes it produces methane
- Agriculture - agricultural practices lead to the release of nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere.
- Impacts on the UK
- sea levels could rise, covering low lying areas, in particular east England
- Scottish ski resorts may have to close due to lack of snow
- crops such as oranges, grapes and peaches can be grown in the UK
- winter heating costs will be reduced as winters will be milder
- Atmospheric Circulation
- 1)Air rises at the equator leading to low pressure and rainfall.
- 2)When the air reaches the edge of atmosphere it cannot go any further and so it travels to the north and south.
- 3)The air becomes colder and denser and falls,creating high pressure and dry conditions at around 30c north and south of the equator.
- 4)Air rises at around 60c north and south and descends around 90c north and south.
- Global atmospheric circulation creates winds across the planet and leads to the area of the high rainfall like the tropical rain forests and the area of dry air likes deserts
- Evidence of climate change
- Thermometer readings
- Glacier retreat
- Ice cores
- Early spring
- Rising sea levels
- Tropical Cyclones
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