geography nigeria

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  • Created by: Abi Cheek
  • Created on: 13-02-19 09:21
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  • Nigeria Case study of a NEE
    • Wider context of its location
      • political
        • since independence in 1960, Nigeria has progressed from civil war and military dictatorships to a stable democracy today
          • today, Nigerians have the right  to vote to choose their government
        • In Nigeria there is still conflict
          • In the north, an extremist organisation, Boko Haram wants to abolish democracy and set up its own government under islamic law (sharia)
            • Over half a million people have fled the region and at least 17,000 people have been killed
          • In 2014, Boko Haram kidnapped 276 schoolgirls and they have all still not been found
      • social and cultural
        • Modern day Nigeria was formed in the 20th century under British rule
          • until then, the country was made of smaller tribe Kingdoms.
        • More than 500 ethnic groups all speaking different languages
          • 3 dominate
            • the Yoruba
              • mainly christian
                • the Igbo
            • the Hausa
              • mainly muslim
            • the Igbo
        • rapid urbanisation in recent years has shifted the population
          • rural urban migration of people in the countryside into cities have broke down some traditional boundaries
      • environmental
        • Nigeria is located 5-15 degrees north of the equator in tropical Africa
        • moving North from the equator, the weather becomes dryer determine the vegetation in each area.
          • peanuts grown
        • To the south of the equator, the weather becomes humid so Tropical rainforests grow
          • Savanna grassland grows in the hot dry grassland further north.
          • cocoa and palm oil grown
    • The changing industrial structure
      • The balance between different economy sectors
        • Nigeria's economy is constantly changing.
          • This is mainly from the primary based economy reliant on farming and extractive industries such as oil and gas.
            • they then sell the products and make money from this
              • However, Nigeria still remains divided, as many people still work in farming and wealth isn't well distributed.
      • Manufacturing
        • new manufacturing industries are increasing the pace of economic development in Nigeria
          • ways this is done are;
            • improving the standards of living by the products of industries, such as cement
            • producing manufactured goods reducing import costs and can be cheaper
            • creating jobs, giving people income and contributing to the countries wealth
            • the expansion off Nigerian companies increases Nigeria's influence in the region
    • Transnational corporations (TNCs)
      • Advantages
        • Investment by companies in local infrastructure and education.
        • Companies provide employment and the development of new skills
        • Other local companies benefit from increased orders
        • Valuable export revenues are earned
      • Disadvantages
        • local workers are sometimes poorly paid
        • working conditions are sometimes very poor
        • management jobs often go to foreign employees
        • much of the profit goes abroad
      • The role of TNs in relation to industrial development
        • A large company that operates in several countries. it usually has headquarters in one country and its production plants in several others
    • Changing relationships with the wider world
      • political
        • still conflict in nigeria
        • Britain has been trading with west Africa for over 300 years
        • Trade with West Africa turned to palm oil to make soap in Britain.
        • from 1650, the British enslaved African people and took them to America and the Caribbean.
          • slavery was made illegal in 1807
        • in the late 19th century, Africa became part of the British empire, the country was ruled by Britain
        • nigeria gained independence1960
          • Then a pattern trade was established
            • Nigeria exported natural commodities to Britain and in exchange imported manufactured goods.
      • Trading
        • Nigeria still trades with the uk but some of its larger trades are with the USA, China, India and other countries in the EU
        • Nigerias main export is oil
          • Nigeria still imports manufactured goods like machinery, chemicals and transport equipment.
    • International aid
      • Types of aid
        • official development assistance given by governments paid by taxes.
        • voluntary aid given by individuals or organisations not funded by the government
        • Bilateral aid is given directly by one country
        • mosquito nets
          • mosquito nets can saves lives and long term effects of disease. by having the nets maleria can reduce being spread
        • multilateral aid is given by countries through international organisations
    • Environmental Impacts of economic development
      • Desertification
        • Mainly affecting the north of Nigeria
          • Makes the land and barren very difficult to live on
      • Pollution
        • Water
          • Oil spills polluting the water
          • Water channels mid open drain are mostly affected
          • Causing health issues, affecting the population, costing the country in health care and lack of employees
        • Air
          • Fumes released by manufacturing plants pollute the air contributing to global warming
        • Noise
          • Traffic fro may transporting raw materials and goods create noise pollution also congestion get the roads
    • Effects of Economic development
      • quality of life
        • Nigeria's quality of life is improving as its GDP is growing
          • Nigeria's GDP has grown significantly over the past 15 years and Nigeria is now classified as a Newly Emerging Economy and a middle income country by the World Bank
          • Nigerias GDP has suddenly increased from 2009, from $1000 to $3250.
        • The pace of change is slow and Nigeria still remains a deeply divided country in terms of wealth and quality of life.
        • The under 5 mortality rate per 1000 has reduced from 1981 (211 per 1000) to 2015 (108 per 1000)
        • the adult literacy rate has increased since 1991 with 55% to 2013 with 59%
        • Life expectancy has increased by 11.5 years from 1981 to 2013
        • the % of the population who has electricity has increased from 2010 to 2012 from 48% to 55%
        • The percentage of women who believe there husband is justified to beat his wife when they argue has dropped from 2003 with 43% to 21% in 2013
    • Location and Importance
      • Importance globally
        • Nigeria is rich in oil making 75 percent of their governments money.
      • Nigeria is a country in Africa. it is located on the north of the equator, with its south coast on the Gulf of Guinea.

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