Genetic factors influencing development
- Created by: maizie
- Created on: 11-05-18 14:09
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- Genetic factors influencing development.
- Genetic inheritance:
- Female
- 46 Chromosomes per cell.
- Each egg has 23 chromosomes
- Back to 46 chromosomes 23 pairs
- Genes have a big effect on health, growth, development abilities and physical appearance.
- Some people have genes that cause disease (inherited disease)
- Genes have a big effect on health, growth, development abilities and physical appearance.
- Back to 46 chromosomes 23 pairs
- Each egg has 23 chromosomes
- 46 Chromosomes per cell.
- Male
- 46 Chromosomes per cell.
- Each sperm has 23 chromosomes
- Chromosomes contain chenes.
- Genes have a big effect on health, growth, development abilities and physical appearance.
- Some people have genes that cause disease (inherited disease)
- Genes have a big effect on health, growth, development abilities and physical appearance.
- Chromosomes contain chenes.
- Each sperm has 23 chromosomes
- 46 Chromosomes per cell.
- Female
- DNA
- These instructions are called genes.
- Lots of genes make up a chromosome.
- DNA contains instructions for producing proteins and it is these proteins that regulate the development of a human being.
- DNA is a sequence that makes up lots of instructions.
- Chromosomes
- Chromosome 23 will determine the sex of a baby.
- Chromosome 21 is linked to Down's syndrome - this is where an extra copy of the mother's chromosome (associated with age) is passed on resulting in the 3 instead of 2
- The bigger the chromosome, the more genetic material it contains. Chromosome 21 is the smallest, therefore the problems with this gene will be less severe which is why a Down's syndrome baby will survive to middle age.
- In other words, if there was an extra chromo-some 1, 2 or 3, the baby would die because it would have more impact.
- For example, an extra chromosome 18 results in Edward's Syndrome where the majority of cases die before birth (due to organ, breathing and muscle failures).
- Pre-disposition to particular conditions.
- A person may have a complex set of genes that may put them at risk (predisposed) to a condition.
- Drug abuse (specifically cannabis) can trigger schizophrenia.
- Stressful life events can trigger depression
- Low brain stimulation/poor education can trigger Alzheimer's.
- Genetic Pre-disposition to particular conditions.
- A pre-disposition is the possibility that you will develop a certain condition.
- A genetic pre-disposition means that you inherit that possibility from one or both of your parents but it is not a certainty you will develop the condition.
- The genetic make-up cannot be altered but we can alter environmental factors and offer support and treatment to allow these individuals to lead a relatively healthy life.
- Inherited conditions can have serious consequences on growth, development and life expectancy.
- Susceptibility is an increase likelihood of acquiring a disease because of an individual's genetic make-up.
- Genetic Diseases
- Haemophilia
- Is a rare disease
- It's a deficiency in blood which prevents it from clotting.
- A small cut could result in losing a lot of blood
- It's a deficiency in blood which prevents it from clotting.
- Is a rare disease
- Down's Syndrome
- Caused by having an extra chromosome (47 in total)
- It affects physical features and height , short life expectancy and lower than average intelligence.
- Caused by having an extra chromosome (47 in total)
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Caused by a faulty gene affecting protein resulting in thick, sticky mucus in tubes.
- Blockages damage the lungs, digestive system and other organs, resulting in inflammation (swelling) and coughing, wheezing and repeated infections in the lungs.
- Caused by a faulty gene affecting protein resulting in thick, sticky mucus in tubes.
- Autism
- Autism is partly genetic but unknown, and is also very complex.
- The severity affects language development, avoid contact and some have low intelligence.
- However, individuals with Asperger's have high intelligence.
- The severity affects language development, avoid contact and some have low intelligence.
- Autism is partly genetic but unknown, and is also very complex.
- Haemophilia
- Interaction of genes and environment in development
- Phenyl-ketonuria (PKU)
- A genetic disorder that can be affected by the environment.
- It prevents the breakdown of a toxic substance found in lots of different foods.
- If aware of the condition, a special diet (environmental factor) can be given so that this problem is avoided.
- Without detection, the toxic substance poisons and harms the body as well as causing brain damage resulting in severe learning disabilities (delayed and arrested development)
- Sometimes it is possible to counteract and even prevent harmful effects of biological programming by altering the environment.
- Without detection, the toxic substance poisons and harms the body as well as causing brain damage resulting in severe learning disabilities (delayed and arrested development)
- If aware of the condition, a special diet (environmental factor) can be given so that this problem is avoided.
- It prevents the breakdown of a toxic substance found in lots of different foods.
- A genetic disorder that can be affected by the environment.
- Phenyl-ketonuria (PKU)
- Genetic inheritance:
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