Genes to Ecosystems Tri 1 Lect 1
- Created by: Loz1669
- Created on: 28-12-19 10:46
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- Genes to Ecosystems Trimester 1
- Evolution and Natural Selection
- History of Natural Selection
- 1st: Natural Theology: Aristotle produced the scale of nature where lifeforms where like a ladder in terms of complexity
- 2nd: Carolus Linneaus: Developed a way of classifying organisms (taxonamy)
- 3rd: James Hutton and Charles Lyell: Fossils (organisms changed gradually). They noticed that species changes gradually overtime
- 4th: Jean Baptitst Lammarck: Organisms could adapt to their environment. Had an incorrect theory that changes happed in individuals and were passed from generation to generation.
- 5th: Charles Darwin: Finches co-exsisted by occupying different ecological niches = feeding behaviour. Concept of evolution: decent by modification. Natural selection.
- 1. Principal of Variation (must be variability in a population)
- 2. Principle of heredity. (Variation needs to be passed down through generations)
- 3. Principle of selection. More successful individuals,
- Evidence for natural selection
- 1. Biogeography: organisms have evolved to suit their environment
- 2. Fossil record: can see formation of new species (speciation)
- 3. Comparative anatomy e.g mammalian forelimb
- 4. Comparative embryology
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- Principle of variation:
- Genetic polymorphism due to changes in DNA sequence
- Phenotypic polymorphisms
- Mechanisms that generate variation:
- 1. Gene Mutations
- 2. Changes in chromosomes
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- 2. Changes in chromosomes
- 1. Gene Mutations
- Principle of heredity
- All members of a species can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
- Group of organisms of the same species that do not have the opportunity to interbreed with another population.
- Principle of selection
- Organisms overreprodue
- Best adapted outcompete others
- Selective pressure
- Best adapted outcompete others
- Organisms overreprodue
- History of Natural Selection
- Evolution and Natural Selection
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