general policy of non-aggression in east

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  • General policy of non-aggression in the east
    • parthia was a major threat to the eastern roman territories.
    • need to regain prestige in east
      • Augustus behaved prudently towards Parthia and attempted to avenge Romes losses by using diplomacy as opposed to force.
        • aimed to promote rivalries within the kingdom, create suspicions among the smaller neighbouring kingdoms and disseminating propaganda.
    • Armenia
      • on eastern side of Auphrates- key to relationship between Rome and Parthia.
        • it would act as buffer against attack by parthia and was main link between Roman provinces of Asia, Syria and far east.
      • annexation would require troops to be taken from Syria- Romans could not risk this- would provoke Parthia etc.
        • however to leave armenia to the parthians would make rome seem weak- loss of prestige. The solution was to put a roman nominee on the throne of Armenia.
          • opportunity- dynastic problemsin part hi and armenia. 20BC- Tiberius joined Augustusin east and advanced into Armenia.
            • they installed Tigranes on throne and negotiated with parthians for return of Roman standards lost by Crassus at Carrhae.
    • diplomacy kept peace with Parthia
      • the Parthian king sent his sons to live in Rome- Augustushad achieved a diplomatic coup- peace maintained until 6BC with death of Tigranes.
        • AD1 parthians achieved influence in armenia- Augsutussent Gaius to negotiate with king.
          • he strengthened province of syria and developed a chain of client kingdoms along the eastern frontier- saved cost of money and manpower of stationing troops there.
    • only act of aggression
      • against kingdom of Sheba0located in south west of Arabian peninsula. the Sabaeans monopolised trade between india and Egypt and Syria.
        • Roman expedition in 25BC led by prefect of Egypt- established friendly relations with Saebeans.

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