Gender differences in achievement (external factors)
- Created by: charl_w
- Created on: 18-03-15 18:20
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- Gender differences in achievement (external factors)
- The impact of feminism
- Feminist ideas are more likely to have affected girls self-image/ aspirations. As a result-motivated to do well in education.
- Angela McRobbie (1994) study. Comparison of magazines in the 1970's and 1990's.
- 1970's magazines such as 'Jackie' emphasised importance of getting married. Whereas nowadays they contain images of assertive independent women.
- This highlights the importance of self-esteem and personal care for young women.
- 1970's magazines such as 'Jackie' emphasised importance of getting married. Whereas nowadays they contain images of assertive independent women.
- Changes in the family
- Increase in divorce rate- 40% of marriages end this way.
- Increase in divorce rate may suggest to girls that its unwise to rely on a husband to be their provider. This encourages girls to look to themselves and get their own qualifications
- More lone parent families (mainly female headed). May mean women need to take on breadwinner role, this creates a new role model for girls- the financially dependant woman.
- Increase in cohabitation and a decrease in number of first marriages.
- Smaller families
- Increase in divorce rate- 40% of marriages end this way.
- Changes in women's employment
- 1970 equal pay act makes it illegal to pay women less than men for work of equal value.
- 1975 sex discrimination act outlaws se discrimination in the workplace.
- Proportion of women in employment has risen.
- Since 1975 the pay gap between men and women has almost halved.
- Girls changing perceptions and ambitions
- Links to impact of feminisn
- Sue Sharp 1994 compared 2 studies of working class girls in 1970's and 1990's.
- In the 1970s girls priorities were: love, marriage, husbands, children and then jobs in that order.
- They saw their future in terms of a domestic role not paid work.
- In the 1990s, priorities had switched to careers and being independent.
- In the 1970s girls priorities were: love, marriage, husbands, children and then jobs in that order.
- Becky Francis (2001) found that girls now have higher career aspirations so needed educational qualifications.
- The impact of feminism
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