Gender Theory

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  • Gender Theory
    • O'Barr and Atkins
      • power based on social hierarchy NOT gender
    • Coates
      • woman- emotionally sensitive topics.
        • When children learn to talk- mix with same gender- pick up those same features
    • Trudgill
      • woman- overt prestige. men- under prestige
      • Chesire
        • men- non standard lexis e.g aint
    • Jones
      • Woman: house talk, scandal, bitching, chat
        • Seek intimacy within language
    • Mills
      • more sexually explicit terms for woman
      • lexical pairs (lord lady). Semantic deterioration. Marked terms
    • Holmes
      • Men- Animals (strong, brave)
      • woman- sweet food (sugar, honey)
    • Cameron
      • verbal hygiene- need to 'clean up language'
        • differences due to context NOT gender
    • Jesperson 1930s
      • woman smaller vocab and talk too much using empty adjectives
    • Doyle
      • wrote a-z list on non-sexist terms
    • Lakoff
      • woman- hedge, empty adjectives, tag questions, hyercorrect grammar, direct quote
    • Spender
      • male- norm
    • Julia Stanley
      • found 220 sexual terms for woman. 26 for men
    • Fishman
      • woman tag questions to continue converstation
    • Tannen
      • 1) status: support. 2)advice: understanding3)info: feelings 4)orders: proposals
    • Zimmerman and West
      • men interrupt 96%  more
      • Beattie
        • larger study- found men and woman interrupt equally

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