gender inequality
- Created by: a.holden
- Created on: 03-01-18 19:38
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- Gender inequality.
- income and wealth
- 22% of women, compared to 14% of men, have a persistent low income.
- approximatley 70% of people in national minmum wage jobs are women
- it is estimated that for each year a mother is absent from the workplace, her future wage reduces by 5%
- women comprise more than 50% of the worlds population but own only 1% of the worlds wealth.
- inequalities in poverty
- one in four women will be living below the poverty line when they retire, compared to 12% of men.
- women make up half of the worlds population but represent 70% of the worlds poor
- chant (2011) 'time poverty' as a result of the multiple areas of work that they are engaged with, many of which are unpaid or underpaid.
- 52% of children living in lone-parent families are poor- and 90% of lone-parent families are headed by females
- womens budget group (2005) mothers frequently go without food, clothing and warmth in order to protect children from the full impact of inadequate income
- the trussell trust (2014) also found that food poverty affects women and men differently, with many women going hungry in order to feed their children.
- social mobility
- Li and Devine (2011) women are less likely to be upwardly mobile.
- Heath and Li (2014) upward mobility. black caribbean men (39.3%) women (67.3%). chinese women (46.8%) men 59.6%).
- savage (2011) atudied social mobility in 2000s. men 40% more likely to climb the career ladder
- feminism
- liberal
- focused on obtaining equal opportunities and rights for males and females in such places as work.
- oakly (1974) gender role of socialisation in the family is important area where gender inequalities take place.
- postmodernists: no longer a clear set of gender norms for children to be socialised into
- sees children as passive recipients to socialisation.
- radical and marxists: fails to say how males and females hold different levels of power in the family and society.
- overly optimistic and positive about their achievements.
- marxist
- social class affects the life chances of women
- feeley (1972) the family teaches children to submit ti a oirm of parental authority that is patriarchal. preconditioned.
- benston (1972) a wife keeps her husband in good working order for the capitalist society.
- ansley (1976) women are a 'safety valve' and the 'takers of ****' as husbands return from being exploited at work.
- too much emphasis on social class and not paying attention to other factors
- liberal
- income and wealth
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