Gender and Identity
- Created by: Rachellowe
- Created on: 27-05-18 16:02
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- Gender and Identity
- The family
- Anne Oakley developed four ways in which the family affects gender socialisation
- Manipulation - parents often encourage 'normal' behaviour and interests for their child's sex
- Canalisation - parents channel their child's interests in particular direction i.e. boys play with Lego, girls play with barbies
- Verbal appelation - 'what an angel' (girl), 'what a big strong boy'
- Different activities - parents may involve children in different aspects of the house i.e. girls in the kitchen, boys in the garden
- Secondary socialisation
- Girls and boys receive different forms of teacher attention at school
- Subject choice is still gendered
- McRobbie - female teenage magazines reinforce conventional notions of feminity
- Wolf - the media creates an unobtainable 'ideal image' for women reinforcing the notion that women should look good for men
- Gender stereotypes
- 19% of men are employed as managers or senior officials
- Only 11% of women are in the same positions
- There is a 'glass ceiling' in place to stop women from reaching the top jobs
- 19% of men are employed as managers or senior officials
- Changing gender roles
- For women...
- Sue Sharpe - women now view career ambitions as more important than motherhood etc.
- More women go out to work
- Divorce rates are rising
- Giving rise to a new financially independent female identity
- For men...
- The 'new man' - house husband
- Heavy industry and traditionally male jobs have declined
- Mac an Ghail - man are experiencing a 'crisis of masculinity'
- For women...
- Masculinity in the media
- Rutherford - images of men in the media are now being used in traditionally female ways
- There has been an increase in marketing for men's cosmetics and toiletries
- Postmodernists - both men and women see leisure and consumption as key ways of shaping their identity
- The family
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