Gender and Beliefs

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  • Created by: HLOldham
  • Created on: 28-03-16 16:59
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  • Gender and Beliefs
    • Women
      • Women tend to be more religious
      • Figures
        • 1979 - 45% of males and 55% of females were religious
        • 1989 - 42% of males and 58% of females were religious
        • 2005 - 43% of males and 57% of females were religious
        • Are These Figures Reliable?
          • Women
            • Women tend to be more religious
            • Figures
              • 1979 - 45% of males and 55% of females were religious
              • 1989 - 42% of males and 58% of females were religious
              • 2005 - 43% of males and 57% of females were religious
              • Are These Figures Reliable?
                • Brierly (2005)
                  • 84% of women believed in God, compared to 64% of men
                • Modood (1997)
                  • Women were more likely to believe religion was important to them than men, but men were more likely to attend Mosques
            • Why are women more likely to be religious?
              • Alan Miller and John Hoffman (1995)
                • Differential Socialization - women are taught to be more submissive and passive than men
                  • These characteristics are associated with being more religious
                • Structural Location - women take part in religion due to social roles, men full time breadwinners (instrumental role), women housewives, work part-time, raise children
                  • 'Mother role' - primary carers
                • Risk - women tend to be risk averse, men tend to be risk takers
                  • Not going Church risky as could lead to failure to enter heaven
              • Steve Bruce (1996)
                • Women tend to be less goal orientated, more co-operative and less domineering
                  • These attributes fit well with religion and spirituality
                • Agrees secularization is occurring, but also we are retreating from the public sphere into the private sphere
                  • Women more involved in private sphere than men
                  • 1. W/C women tend to continue to support religions which believe in an all-powerful God in which they are quite passive
                  • 2. M/C women have more experience of controlling their lives and are more attracted to New Age groups - in which individuals can develop their own spirituality
          • Brierly (2005)
            • 84% of women believed in God, compared to 64% of men
          • Modood (1997)
            • Women were more likely to believe religion was important to them than men, but men were more likely to attend Mosques
      • Why are women more likely to be religious?
        • Alan Miller and John Hoffman (1995)
          • Differential Socialization - women are taught to be more submissive and passive than men
            • These characteristics are associated with being more religious
          • Structural Location - women take part in religion due to social roles, men full time breadwinners (instrumental role), women housewives, work part-time, raise children
            • 'Mother role' - primary carers
          • Risk - women tend to be risk averse, men tend to be risk takers
            • Not going Church risky as could lead to failure to enter heaven
        • Steve Bruce (1996)
          • Women tend to be less goal orientated, more co-operative and less domineering
            • These attributes fit well with religion and spirituality
          • Agrees secularization is occurring, but also we are retreating from the public sphere into the private sphere
            • Women more involved in private sphere than men
            • 1. W/C women tend to continue to support religions which believe in an all-powerful God in which they are quite passive
            • 2. M/C women have more experience of controlling their lives and are more attracted to New Age groups - in which individuals can develop their own spirituality
    • Participation from Home
      • Women largely participate in their religion through home activities
        • E.g. Hinduism - females are responsible for looking after the family shrine
        • E.g. Judaism - mother introduces children to rituals of the Sabbath (socialization)
        • E.g. Christianity  - jobs such as flower arranging, running Sunday schools, working in Church offices
    • Reasons for Women's Higher Religiosity - Knott (1994)
      • Why do women represent over half of active Church membership?
        • Practical Reasons
          • More time to attend Church
          • Responsibility to take their children Church
        • Biological Reasons
          • Giving birth is a spiritual experience
            • (Creation of new life)

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