Social Inequality - Gender
- Created by: anniestorey19
- Created on: 30-04-16 19:01
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- Gender
- female disadvantage
- work
- Equal Pay 1970, gender pay gap 19.7% in 2013
- Grimshaw & Rubery - women paid less for same performance in same jobs as men
- Ginn - employers attitudes contribute to the confining of women in the secondary labour market
- education
- Stanworth - looked at colleges, teachers found it more difficult to remember girls names, girls received less classroom attention
- since 80's girls have outperformed boys, but hidden curriculum leads to prejudice in school system
- Kelly - masculine bias in science textbooks which depict women are passive or invisible; female scientists ignored
- family
- Dunscombe & Marsden - women perform triple shift (paid, emotional, domestic)
- Oakley - found 70% of housewives are dissatisfied with housework, they dislike the low status
- 1950's nuclear family ideology led to oppressing gender roles still evident in society
- poverty
- Lister - feminisation of poverty - women represent a huge percentage of the worlds poor
- 2002 stats show women are more likely to live in poverty than men in every EU country par Sweden
- Flaherty - women are more likely to experience poverty due to lone parenthood, minimum wage, childcare responsibility
- work
- male disadvantage
- education
- since the 80's male attainment has been declining
- Harris - working class boys are exposed to gender regimes: macho males with no regard for authority (i.e. teachers)
- Epstein - working class boys are likely to be harassed or labelled as 'sissies' if they appear to be swots
- media
- hypodermic needle model - audience passively receives the values that the media injects into them
- Easthope - hollywood films in particular transmit idea that masculinity is based on strength and aggression
- this sets unrealistic standards for men and portrays an ideal which many men may not want to achieve
- work
- men strive to achieve hegemonic masculinity, cant due to de-industrialised societies
- Mac an Ghail - crisis of masculinity caused due to lack of manual jobs and feminisation of the workplace
- Winlow - globalisation led to a decline in manual abour, they are now bouncers and commit crime to regain status
- crime
- Graham & Bowling - chivalry thesis - women tend to be treated more leniently in court than men
- men are x4 more likely to be found guilty or convicted in court compared to women
- education
- female disadvantage
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