Gas exchange

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  • Created by: oliviaeve
  • Created on: 24-02-16 17:50
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  • GAS EXCHANGE
    • mammals
      • lungs
        • respiratory surface = alveoli
          • Anti sticking sufricant = moist
          • thin (1cm thick)
          • permeable
          • circulatory system = constant concentration gradient
          • large surface area from folds of tissue
    • Fish
      • Gills
        • counter current flow system
          • Ensures constant concentration gradient
          • 80% of oxygen extracted
          • highest rate of diffusion
        • large surface area
        • moist
        • specialised blood pumping mechanism
    • Insects
      • Tracheal system
    • Ameoba
      • thin cell wall = respiratory surface
      • oxygen requirements are low
      • unicellular
      • lives in water
      • LARGE SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO
      • allows fast removal of carbon dioxide
        • prevents cytoplasm from becoming too acidic which denatures enzymes
    • Flatworm
      • multicellular
        • not short enough diffusion pathway
      • flat to counteract lower surface area to volume ratio
        • shortens diffusion pathway
    • Earthworm
      • multicellular
      • lives in soil = terrestrial
      • rudimentary circulatory system
    • plants

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