Fundamental Ideas C1.1
- Created by: Will Pound
- Created on: 24-02-14 17:27
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- Fundamental Ideas C1.1
- Atoms, Elements and Compounds
- All substances are made of atoms
- Elements are made of only one type of atom
- Chemical symbols are used to represent atoms
- Compounds contain more than one element
- Atomic Structure
- The nucleus of an atom is made of protons and neutrons
- Protons have a positive charge (P for positive), electrons a negative charge and neutrons are not charged (Neutral)
- The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of its atoms
- The mass number is the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
- The arrangement of electrons in atoms
- The atoms of the unreactive noble gases (Group 0) all have very stable arrangements of electrons
- All the elements in the same group of the periodic table have the same number of electrons in their highest energy level (Outer Shell)
- Forming bonds
- Compounds of metals bonded to non-metals have ionic bonds
- The formula of an ionic compound shows the simplest ratio of ions
- Compounds of non-metals have covalent bonds
- The formula of a molecule shows the number of atoms in the molecule
- Chemical equations
- Atoms get re-arranged in chemical reactions
- The mass of the products is equal to the mass of reactants
- Symbol equations should always be balanced
- Atoms, Elements and Compounds
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