Fundamental Ideas

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  • Fundamental ideas
    • The Atom
      • Electrons (negative) circle around. Relative mass=almost 0
      • protons (positive) found in the nucleus. Relative mass=1
        • number of protons = number of electrons
          • Electrons (negative) circle around. Relative mass=almost 0
      • neutrons (neutral) found in nucleus. Relative mass=1
      • The atom is always neutral because the electrons and protons cancel each other out
      • Nucleus is always positive because protons have a positive
    • 7
      • Mass number- number of neutrons and Protons
    • Electron Configurations
      • Shell 1 holds 2 electrons
      • when shells are full, element is very stable
      • Sodium-
        • E- config- 2, 8, 1
      • 23
        • Na
          • 11
      • Metal+water= metal hydroxide+ hydrogen
      • Group 1 metals are the most reactive because they only have one outer electron on the outer shell so it's easier to lose and make it stable
    • Ions
      • metal ion is formed when it loses an electron from the outer shell in order to be stable.
      • non metal ion is formed when it gains an electron to become stable
      • Ionic Bonding
        • eg sodium gives its outer electron away to become Na+
          • chlorine picks up the electron and becomes Cl-
  • Li
    • element
    • 3
      • Atomic Number- number of protons (also number of electrons)
      • 7
        • Mass number- number of neutrons and Protons
  • 3
    • Atomic Number- number of protons (also number of electrons)

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