Functionalist and Subcultural Theories of Crime and Deviance
- Created by: libby12345
- Created on: 12-02-18 11:56
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- Functionalist and Subcultural
- Functionalist
- Durkheim
- Crime is inevitable
- Some deviance is necessary
- It strengthens collective values, reminded of boundaries
- Enables social change, allows new ideas to develop
- Act as safety valve (Kingsley Davis), release stress (protests)
- Warning device that society isn't working
- Merton Strain theory
- Explains why deviance arises in first place
- Conformity - accept means and goals, non deviant, conformist
- Innovation, accepts goals not means, goals can't be achieved, turn to crime
- Ritualism accept means but not goals, give up on achieving goals, workers who give up on promotion
- Retreatism, do not accept means or goals, drop out, drug addicts
- Rebellion, reject means and goals but replace with new society, members of gangs or sects
- Durkheim
- Subcultural
- Cohen
- Status frustration
- Develop alternate values (delinquent subculture)
- Working class adolescents
- e.g. stealing to achieve and gain status in peer group
- Cloward and Ohlin
- Cohen didn't explain gangs, could be to do with location brought up in
- Criminal, (theft) have role models, well established pattern of crime in area, professional criminal hierarchy
- Conflict, socially disorganised, no illegitimate opportunity structure, formation of violent gangs
- Retreatist, double failures, failed legitimate and illegitimate way. drug addiction, dealing, petty theft
- Cohen
- Functionalist
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