functionalism - theories of crime

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  • functionalist: theories of crime
    • Durkheim
      • Present in all societies
        • but too much crime can cause society to collapse
          • causes anomie
            • rapid social change
            • crime levels are too high
        • too little, cases society to become stagnate
      • positive functions of crime
        • strengthens collective consciousness- society shows behaviour was bad.
          • promotes social solidarity against the common enemy (the criminal)
        • promotes social change
        • reinforces the boundaries of acceptable behaviour in society
          • strengthens collective consciousness- society shows behaviour was bad.
            • promotes social solidarity against the common enemy (the criminal)
      • Davis - safety valve
      • Cohen - warning function
    • miller
      • working class has its own culture
        • 6 focal concerns
          • excitement
          • trouble
    • A K Cohen
      • believed that merton ignored non-utilitarian crimes
      • status frustration
        • to cope they formed delinquent subcultures
        • success and hard work when that doesn't work they turn to other means to reach success
    • Cloward and Ohlin
      • types of subcultures
        • criminal
        • conflict
        • retretist
          • drugs and failed in both i
    • Matza
      • delinquency an d drift
        • we hold two levels of values
          • respectable, conventional ones
          • Underlying subterranean ones
        • techniques of neutralisation
          • denial of injury
          • denial of victim
          • condemnation of condemners
          • denial of response
          • appeal to higher loyalties
        • Drift
          • no control over their lives
          • and In that period they are are more likely to turn to crime
          • will grow out of it
    • merton
      • Achieve society goals legitimately or illegitimately
      • response to strain
        • conformity
        • innovation
        • ritualism
        • retreatism
        • Rebellion
      • functions
        • manifest - intended
        • latent - unintended

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