Fuhrer

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  • Fuhrer
    • The Reichstag Fire
      • In February 1933 the Reichstag  building in Berlin was burnt down. A Dutch communist, Lubbe, was caught inside with matches, confessed to starting the fire, was put on trial and executed. Hitler said this was evidence for a communist plot for revolution and said they had to be stopped - 4000 were arrested.
      • Hitler persuaded Hindenburg to sign a 'Decree for the protection of the people and the opponents from holding meetings and campaigning fully. The fire was a gift to Hitler
      • The March 1933 Election
        • In 1933, to try and secure an overall majority in the Reichstag, Hitler called an election
        • The Nazi vote grew but they still lacked an overall majority
        • Hitler banned 81 communist deputies from the Reichstag
        • He did a deal with the centre party, who agreed to back him as long as he promised not to interfere with the Catholic Church. Hitler had a majority and could pass any law he wanted
        • Nazis - 288, Centre party-73, DNVP- 52 DVP-2 STATE PARTY - 5 SPD -120 KPD-81 but not really any
    • The Enabling Act 1933
      • A law concerning the 'solving of the emergency of the people and the Reich'
      • 1- Laws of the Reich can be passed by the government, in addition to the procedure laid down by the constitution.
      • 2. The laws passed by the Reich government do not have to adhere to the constitution provided that the Reichstag has no objection
      • 3. The laws passed by the government of the Reich will be drafted by the Chancellor. They will apply from the day...following their publication.
      • 4. Treaties agreed by the Reich with foreign states..do not require the consent of the Reichstag
      • On the 23rd of March 1933, the enabling Act was passed by 441 votes to 84. It allowed Hitler to make laws without consulting the Reichstag or the president. He became a virtual dictator. The Reichstag was now just a Nazi puppet. Hitler used his own powers to turn Germany into a Nazi dictatorship.
    • How was the enabling Act passed
      • Through a mixture of deals and intimidation
        • Deals - Potsdam day, Hitler held a ceremony in the military church in Postdam on the 21st March, to which he invited the crown Prince, the generals and the president. Where he pledged allegiance to the traditions and values of the past and cleverly reawakening the unity of August 1914. Conveyed the message that Hitler was a conservative statesman who was aiming to restore the old pre-1914 regime.
        • Deals - The centre party - to gain the majority in the Reichstag, Hitler needed to win over the centre party. He managed to do this by assuring their leaders that he would protect the rights and privileges of the Catholic church.
      • Intimidation - all the KPD deputies and 12 of the SPD members were arrested and unable to vote. SA & ** - The ** surrounded the Kroll opeah house (where the Reichstag was meeting after the Reichstag fire) and the SA lined the coridors intimidating people voting.

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