Haloalkanes
- Created by: emma
- Created on: 11-03-14 23:16
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- Haloalkanes
- Free radical substitution
- Initiation
- UV light essential condition
- Breaking bonds in haloalkane
- Propagation
- first removing a hydrogen
- Then adding haloalkane
- Termination
- Adding two free radicals
- Ozone
- Initiation
- CF3Cl =(UV) .CF3+.Cl
- Propagation
- ClO.+O3=2O2+Cl.
- Cl.+O3=ClO.+O2
- Overall
- 2O3= 3O2
- Cl catalyses the breakdown of ozone to O2
- Initiation
- Prevent further substitution use an excess of alkane
- More substitution use an excess of Chlorine
- Initiation
- Nucleophilic substitution
- Hydroxide ion
- in aqueous conditions
- OH- acts as a nucleophile
- Alcohol is produced
- OH- acts as a nucleophile
- in aqueous conditions
- Cyanide
- conditions are warm aqueous alcoholic
- Extends carbon chain by one
- Nitrile is produced
- Extends carbon chain by one
- conditions are warm aqueous alcoholic
- Ammonia
- Ammonia doesn't have a charge
- The product primary amine is a nucleophile itself
- To prevent further reaction use as large amount of haloalkane
- The product primary amine is a nucleophile itself
- Ammonia doesn't have a charge
- Hydroxide ion
- Elimination reactions
- Hydroxide ion in ethanolic conditions
- OH- ions act as a base
- Product is an alkene
- OH- ions act as a base
- Hydroxide ion in ethanolic conditions
- Free radical substitution
- Propagation
- ClO.+O3=2O2+Cl.
- Cl.+O3=ClO.+O2
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