Formation of Relationships
- Created by: Lauzz
- Created on: 05-01-13 11:21
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- Formation of Relationships (By Laura)
- Matching Hypothesis (Walster)
- The more socially desirable a person is, the more desirable their partner would be
- Couples want to form relationships with the best possible partner who won't reject them
- Support comes from Walster's Computer Dance Study
- Regardless of own attractiveness, participants rated their matches higher if they were more physically attractive
- But lacks ecological validity
- Study was extended to be more natural
- When participants were matched so their partners were of similar levels of attractiveness, more people said they would see their matches again
- Also supported by Murstein's Faces Study
- Participants were shown pictures of real and fake couples
- They rated the real couples as being more similar in levels of attractiveness than fake couples
- Low in validity as fake couples may have been put together to purposefully look dissimilar
- Huston supports this
- Found that men were likely to choose attractive women from a range of photos - but only if they felt they weren't going to be rejected
- Similarity Hypothesis
- Created by Byrne and Clore
- People are attracted to others due to similarities which they share with each other
- This could include similar attitudes, beliefs, personalities and likes
- Similar to the Matching Hypothesis but is based on personalities rather than how attractive people are
- Reward/Need Satisfaction Model (Byrne and Clore)
- Said formation of relationships is based on rewards from Classical and Operant conditioning
- Argyle's study supports this model
- Individuals who are 'rewarding' (friendly, helpful, cheerful) tend to be liked the most
- These people provide positive and negative reinforcement and so rewarding relationships are rated as positive
- Individuals who are 'rewarding' (friendly, helpful, cheerful) tend to be liked the most
- Aron's study also supports this
- Participants were made up of people in relationships
- They were only heterosexual relationships though, so cannot be generalised
- Participants looked at pictures of their partner while their brain was being scanned
- When looking at photos of their partner, dopamine-rich areas of the brain were active
- This section is usually associated with rewards and the level of activity was positively correlated with the degree of love that they reported
- When looking at photos of their partner, dopamine-rich areas of the brain were active
- Participants were made up of people in relationships
- Hays criticised the Reward-Need model
- He said friendships were more concerned with equity than rewards
- Matching Hypothesis (Walster)
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