Formation of ions
- Created by: roxy13576
- Created on: 10-08-19 13:52
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- IONS
- The number of gained or lost electrons is the same number as the charge on the ion.
- If 2 electrons are lost the charge is 2+. If 3 electrons are gained the charge is 3-.
- When atoms gain or lose electrons to form ions, they are trying to get a full outer shell
- Atoms with full outer shells are very stable
- Elements in Group 0 have a full outer shell and are very stable / unreactive
- How metals and non- metals form ions
- When non-metals form ions, they lose electrons from their outer shell to form negative ions.
- When metals form ions, they gain electrons into their outer shell to form positive ions.
- Charged particles that can be single atoms, ie Cl-, or groups of atoms, ie. NO3-
- Group 1 elements form 1+ ions
- Group 6 elements form 2- ions
- Group 7 elements form 1- ions
- Group 2 elements form 2+ ions
- Groups 1, 2, 6, and 7 are most likely to form ions.
- Group 1 and 2 elements are metals, so they lose electrons to form positive ions (CATions)
- Group 6 and 7 elements are non-metals. They gain electrons to form negative ions (ANions)
- The group number of an element is the amount of electrons in its outer shell.
- So they all have to lose or gain the same amount of electrons to gain a full outer shell.
- The number of gained or lost electrons is the same number as the charge on the ion.
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