Foreign Powers
- Created by: NHEESOMGREEN
- Created on: 05-06-18 05:47
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- Foreign Powers
- Europe was dominated by Catholic powers determined to limit the spread of Protestantism.
- The greatest of these was the Habsburg family, who controlled Spanish and Austian empires, as well as the Holy Roman Empire.
- France
- Religious war broke out in 1562:
- Elizabeth was concerned about its potential to threaten her realm by encouraging religious conflict in England.
- Elizabeth agreed in 1562 to help French Protestants hoping to get back Calais in return.
- her policy failed: the French Protestants and Catholics made peace later that same year.
- 1564: Elizabeth signed the Treaty of Troyes, confirming once and for all that Calais belonged to the France.
- All Elizabeth had achieved was to irritate Phillipp II of Spain by supporting the Protestant rebels.
- Religious war broke out in 1562:
- Spain and the Spanish Netherlands
- Both ruled as strict catholic empires under the reign of Phillip II that didn't look too favorable to Elizabeth's support of Protestant rebels in Scotland and France.
- 1563: banned the import of English cloth as he believed that the merchants were spreading Protestantism
- Elizabeth did the same: resulting in a trade embargo that damaged both countries.
- 1563: banned the import of English cloth as he believed that the merchants were spreading Protestantism
- Elizabeth was concerned that the two powers - Spain and France would become allies against her.
- Both ruled as strict catholic empires under the reign of Phillip II that didn't look too favorable to Elizabeth's support of Protestant rebels in Scotland and France.
- The Dutch revolt
- Causes
- Spain/Phillip's interference with the Netherlands Government and Church
- The Spanish Inquisition: a political and religious body set up by Spain in 1478 to keep Spanish territories true to the Catholic faith.
- Spain/Phillip's interference with the Netherlands Government and Church
- First broke out in 1566: Phillip sent the Duke of Alba in 1567 with an army of 10,000 men to put down the revolt.
- It had been defeated by 1568.
- Alba established a Council of Troubles in the Netherlands to enforce Catholicism and obedience to the Spanish Crown
- ignored local law and legal processes, condemning 1000's to death (most protesting protestants) leading to many Dutch Protestants fleeing to England.
- Elizabeth was concerned about Alba's presence in the Netherlands:
- Alba''s large army was within easy striking distance of England.
- Elizabeth did not wan to become seen as Europe's leading Protestant monarch
- she wished to avoid ware and openly condemned Dutch rebels.
- England didn't have the resources and it would encourage civil war as well.
- she wished to avoid ware and openly condemned Dutch rebels.
- Sea Beggars
- Dutch rebels fled to the sea: attacked Spanish ships in the Channle
- 1567: Eliza. began allowing them to shelter in English ports
- Dutch rebels fled to the sea: attacked Spanish ships in the Channle
- Genoese loan
- 1568: Spanish ships carrying gold (load to Philip from Italian bankers) took refuge from sea beggars
- angered Phillip greately
- 1568: Spanish ships carrying gold (load to Philip from Italian bankers) took refuge from sea beggars
- Causes
- Europe was dominated by Catholic powers determined to limit the spread of Protestantism.
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