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  • fibres
    • synthetic fibres
      • man made from oil based by-products eg, acrylic and PVC
      • micro-fibres are fine eg.polyester, nylon.
      • tactel is a micro-fibre trade name
    • natural fibres
      • plant based fibres are cotton, linen, jute and hemp
    • regenerated fibres
      • made from a combination of chemicals and cellulose waste
      • viscose, lyocell, cupro, modal and tencel
  • origin of natural fibres
    • cotton
      • produced by a seed boll of the cotton plant
        • it is harvested by hand/machine and then dried before ginning to remove all the seeds
          • the fibres undergo carding and combing to get the fibres to lie in the same direction
            • this makes silvers where they are drawn into roving
              • spinning then stretches and twists the fibre into yarns
    • wool
      • mainly made by sheep, which are sheared every year
      • the fleece is then graded for qualityand scoured to remove grease and dirt
        • carbonising removes plant material (leaves and twigs)
          • carding and combing straightens the fibres using brushes and combs
            • the fibres are spun to produce yarn
    • silk
      • produced by silk worms
      • the cocoons are harvested and then heated to kill the developing pupae and to remove the gum holding the cocoon together
        • the filaments are then spun to produce yarn

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