Why was there a revolution in February 1917?
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- Created on: 10-05-15 21:27
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- Why was there a revolution in February 1917?
- Economic problems
- Agriculture couldn't meet demand of cities
- Lack of consumer goods.
- Factories focused on war effort.
- Peasants saw no incentive to grow surplus.
- Agriculture couldn't meet demand of cities
- Hoarded so they would get a better price later.
- Peasants looked after their own
- Only a few grew a surplus so they could buy more land.
- Working and living conditions were far below European standards.
- Wages were 1/3 of European equivalents.
- Literacy rate 64%
- Could be reached by propaganda.
- Famine was common.
- Poor education and health.
- Some success in heavy industry
- Produced less than smaller countries like Britain and Germany.
- Abandoned Gold Standard.
- Could print as much money as they liked.
- Inflation
- Could print as much money as they liked.
- Ports were blockaded.
- Political problems
- Political promises had not been met.
- Tsar closed down Duma when it disagreed.
- Representatives were rich.
- Didn't strive for reform.
- Representatives were rich.
- Tsar closed down Duma when it disagreed.
- Any voice of reform was repressed.
- Tsar continued to rule as he had before.
- Used article 87 to close down Duma.
- Votes were restricted to upper and lower classes.
- Peasants who made up 80% of population had no voice.
- Peasants demanded land re-distribution.
- Political promises had not been met.
- Rasputin, the Tsarina and the Tsar.
- Constantly swapped ministers around.
- Heavily influenced by Rasputin.
- Caused instability.
- Tsarina was roumoured to be a German spy.
- Tsar made himself Commander in Chief.
- All responsibility of attack failures was his.
- Tsar ignored warnings about Russia being at crisis point.
- Constantly swapped ministers around.
- Impact of the First World War
- One million troops dead, 4 million wounded.
- Workers on the verge of starvation.
- Okhrana warned of unrest.
- Support for workers srikes across all classes.
- Army mutinied against the Tsar.
- Wealthy believed monarchy was no longer worth saving.
- Initial enthusiasm was shattered.
- Defeats at Tannenberg and Masurian lakes.
- Poor condition for soldiers.
- Little food
- Filthy medical hospitals.
- Poor military structure.
- Officers chosen because of loyalty instead of skill.
- Many desertions
- 50,000 during successful Brusilov offensive.
- Railways transported troops and equipment.
- Overloaded in peacetime, the system virtually collapsed.
- Armament factories produced enough
- Couldn't be transported due to blocked lines by engine failures.
- Grain left to rot.
- Political opposition.
- In 1914 most parties supported the war. The Duma was suspended.
- 1915 failures forced Tsar to recall Duma.
- Demanded a government that had national support
- Tsar refused.
- Demanded a government that had national support
- Duma parties united to form the progressive bloc
- Pressed for changes in the running of the war.
- Zemgor formed to help with the war effort.
- Provided supplies for hospitals and helped organise smaller industry in towns and villages.
- Untitled
- Economic problems
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