exchange surfaces and breathing
- Created by: ginge1030
- Created on: 07-04-15 13:22
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- F211 Exchange surfaces and breathing
- Lung tissue
- Untitled
- spirometer
- used to investigate breathing
- 1.oxygen filled chamber with a movable lid
- 2.a person breaths in the tube connected to chamber
- 3.the breathing in & out makes the lid move up & down
- 4.movements are recorded = spirometer trace
- 5.soda lime in the tube absorbs CO2 the person breaths out
- how to test...
- Vital capacity
- asking the person to breath in & out as much as they can
- tidal volume
- asking a person to breath normally
- Oxygen uptake
- divide (the O2 (dm3)times 60) by the time taken in secs
- Breathing rate
- no. breath/ time (mins) = breaths/mins
- Vital capacity
- used to investigate breathing
- Breathing & data
- inspiration
- 1.intercostal and diaphragm muscles contract.
- 2.ribcage expands and diaphragm flattens
- 3.volume of thorax increases (space where lungs are)
- 4.lung pressure decreases below atm pressure.
- 5.causes air to flow into lungs
- 6.active process = needs energy (ATP)
- Expiration
- 1.intercostal muscles & diaphragm relax
- 2.ribcage shrinks and diaphragm curves
- 3.volume of thorax decrease
- 4.lung pressure increases above atm pressure
- 5.air is forced out of the lungs
- 6.passive process=no energy required
- tldal volume
- the volume of air in each breath
- vital capacity
- The largest volume of air moved into and out of lungs in any one breath
- inspiration
- Gas Exchange
- Surface area:volume
- Multi-cellular
- More supplies needed as there are more cells
- cant exchange required amount fast enough via diffusion
- too bigger distance to diffuse
- cant exchange required amount fast enough via diffusion
- small surface area:volume
- cant exchange required amount fast enough via diffusion
- too bigger distance to diffuse
- cant exchange required amount fast enough via diffusion
- More supplies needed as there are more cells
- single-celled
- easier to exchange substances via diffusion
- quicker diffusion rate
- smaller distance to travel
- large surface are:volume
- easier to exchange substances via diffusion
- Multi-cellular
- exchange surfaces
- Alveoli - Efficiency features
- large surface area:volum
- larger are for diffusion
- one cell thick
- small diffusion pathway
- CO2
- blood->alveoli
- Alveoli = low CO2 conc
- CO2 diffuses out of blood
- Alveoli = low CO2 conc
- blood->alveoli
- O2
- alveoli->blood
- RBC's = low O2 conc
- O2 diffuses into blood
- RBC's = low O2 conc
- diffuses out alveolar space
- across alveolar epithelium
- across capillary endothelium
- into RBC & combines with HB
- (Reverse for CO2)
- into RBC & combines with HB
- across capillary endothelium
- across alveolar epithelium
- alveoli->blood
- large surface area:volum
- adaption of lungs
- Capillary
- 1 cell thick
- total barrier = 2cells/2um
- squamous cells (flat & thin)
- total barrier = 2cells/2um
- 1 cell thick
- alveoli
- squamous cells (flat & thin)
- lots of alveoli
- 1 cell thick
- squamous cells (flat & thin)
- Capillary
- Alveoli - Efficiency features
- Surface area:volume
- Lung tissue
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