Eysenck psychological explanations

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  • Created by: ceza56
  • Created on: 28-03-19 17:04
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  • Eysenck
    • AO1
      • General personality theory
        • Eysenck involved in proposal that behaviour could be represented along two dimensions - introversion/extroversion and neuroticism/stability. Third dimension added later - psychoticism
      • Biological basis
        • Personality is biological in origin so all personality types have an innate basis
        • Extraverts have underactive nervous system and so constantly seek excitement and neurotics tend to be nervous, jumpy and over anxious
          • Neurotic extroverts so a combination of over anxious and does not learn from mistakes
      • Criminal personality
        • Neurotic extroverts so a combination of over anxious and does not learn from mistakes
        • Also score high on psychoticism measure and characterised as cold and emotionless
      • Role  of socialisation
        • Criminal behaviour = developmentally immature as selfish and concerned with immediate gratification
        • Children are taught to become more able to delay gratification and become more socially oriented - Eysenck though people with high N and E did not condition to this
      • Measuring criminal personality
        • Eysenck created EPI - a self report psychological test which locates respondents on the E and N scales
    • AO3
      • Supporting evidence
        • compared 2070 male prisoners EPI with control group of 2422 males. Prisoners split into sub groups from 16-69 years and in all,prisoners scored higher on E and N and P
          • Supports Eysencks idea that criminal personality is linked to NE
          • Decreases generalisability of findings
        • Beta bias
          • Only men used and applied to all so underestimates differences between sexes
            • Decreases generalisability of findings
      • Culture bias
        • Bartol and Holanchock
          • looked into dultural differences between hispanic and african american prisoners in New York max security
            • Divided into six groups and found that they scored lower on E than non criminal groups - contradicting eysencks predictions and so suffers from culture bias and cannot be generalised to all
      • EPI
        • Self report technique so particpants may lie due to social desirability bias
          • Reduces internal validity of results
      • Biological basis
        • Recognises importance of biological factors so not as reuctionist as other approaches, such as genetic explanations

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