Eyjafjallajokull - The impacts & human responses as evidenced by a recent volcanic event
- Created by: caramorton
- Created on: 12-01-18 16:56
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- Eyjafjallajokull - The impacts & human responses as evidenced by a recent volcanic event
- Location & associated plate margin
- Southern Iceland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge
- Constructive boundary- Eurasian & North American plate
- Nature & characteristics
- Eruption at constructive boundaries are less explosive than destructive
- Achieved VEI of 4
- Volcano had melted an ice cap
- Mix of water and lava made it more explosive
- Large volumes of ash was deposited into the atmosphere
- Primary impacts
- Fluoride was deposited from the volcano on grazing land
- Large amounts of ash deposited, so livestock was taken inside
- Glaciers melted by the eruption
- Local population evacuated for safety
- Flights cancelled across europe
- Airlines lost lost millions, through cancelled flights and compensation
- Secondary impacts
- Cost airlines £130million per day for the 6 days that the airspace was closed
- Flooding due to ice melting - 1000 people to be evacuated
- Flouride deposited on grazing land could cause internal haemorrhaging in cattle & sheep
- Fresh fish exports, a major local industry, were badly affected with loss of income
- The channel tunnel and the cross channel ferries did alot of extra business
- Europe losses $2.6 billion of GDP due to eruption
- 400,000 Britons standed worldwide
- EIDQ an international telecommiunications company had to be cancelled
- Responses
- Long term
- Infrared sensor which would be attached to all planes to allow them to detect and avoid volcanic ash clouds
- Airline compannies had to provide compensation
- Increase in tourism in Iceland because of the volcano
- Short term
- Livestock taken inside to escape ash
- The local population was evacuated for safety and due to respiratory threats
- A main road route had to be breached, because of risk to the bridge
- All flights cancelled from some airports
- People used Facebook and other social media to buddy up to share costs
- Airlines had to provide accomandation
- Long term
- Application to the hazard management cycle
- Mitigation
- Evacuation, Iceland Metelogical service, monitoring
- Preparation
- Evacuation, preparing airspace, cancelling flights, bringing animals inside
- Responses
- Advanced warning systems e.g infrared systems
- Recovery
- Clearing ash field of ash, main road breached
- Mitigation
- Perceptions of the hazard from local people
- Adaptation
- Brought animals inside
- Clear evacuation systems
- Monitoring
- Using geothermal energy
- Adaptation
- Location & associated plate margin
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