ET
- Created by: gabbyb98
- Created on: 12-03-15 14:24
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- Eyewitness Testimony
- Misleading information.
- Loftus & Palmer 1974
- Experiment 1, misleading information (hit vs smashed), led to inaccurate recall
- Loftus & Palmer 1978
- Experiment 2 (broken glass), misleading information changes information storage
- Evaluation
- Supporting evidence from Loftus et al. (1978), stop/yield sign
- Challenged by Bekerian and Bowers (1973) - misleading information affects retrieval
- Real-life robbery (Yuille and Cutshall, 1986) - accurate recall despite misleading information
- Validity
- Lab experiments may not be taken seriously Participants not emotionally involved Foster et al. (1994) - better identification with real-life set up
- Loftus & Palmer 1974
- Factors That Influence Accuracy
- Age
- Children make more errors (Parker and Carranza, 1989)
- Younger participants more confident but no age differences (Yarmey, 1993)
- Older less accurate when delay was one week (Memon et al, 2003)
- Evaluation
- Own-age bias (Anastasi and Rhodes, 2006)
- Individual Differences
- Alcohol impairs attention (Clifasefi et al., 2006)
- Anxiety
- Deffenbacher et al. (2004) meta-analysis showed anxiety reduced accuracy of EWT
- Christianson and Hubinetter (1993) anxiety increased accuracy in real-life bank robberies
- Weapon focus effect - Johnson and Scott (1976) - if a weapon is used participants are more likely to focus on that rather than the person holding it
- Evalualtion
- Meta-analysis (Stebly, 1992) supports weapon-focus effect
- Loftus et al. (1987) tracked eye movements to support weapon-focus effec
- Age
- Misleading information.
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