Expressionism
- Created by: epearce1998
- Created on: 04-06-17 15:35
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- Expressionism
- Intro Points
- Autonomy of feelings - about the artist's experience
- French movement expressed in Fauvism
- Using more primary colours and looking outwards
- German movement split into The Blue Rider and The Bridge
- More sombre and internalised
- Kandinsky one of first artists of 20th c. to move to pure abstraction
- Lipps talks about perceptional psychology through testing emotional responses to colour
- Concerned with aesthetics, admired by Freud
- Influence of Delacroix's liberal use of colour
- Recently popular due to publication of journals and Signac's 'From Eugene Delacroix to Neo-Impressionism'
- Many Expressionists labelled 'degenerate' by Nazis and moved to US
- Matisse 'Woman with the Hat' (1905)
- Description
- Non naturalistic
- Distorted scale
- Impasto brushwork applied directly from tubes
- Direct and vigorous, staccato lines
- Figure separated from background due to impasto
- Bold outline of facial features
- Elimination of spatial recession and shadow
- Hat as fashion statement, reflects confidence
- Dressed as member of French bourgeoisie
- Context
- Displayed at Salon de Autumne
- One of the paintings Vauxcelles called a 'Wild Beast'
- Portrait of wife Amelie
- Bold, reckless personality, a equal marriage
- Power and confidence in stance
- Tried to hold out for full price of 500 francs when Steins offered 300
- Influence of Nietzsche in expressive, wild approach
- Gauguin's ideas of return to purity of means
- But more exotic subject matter meant his was more acceptable
- Described as 'crude graffiti', even young artists found it hard to identify with
- Displayed at Salon de Autumne
- Description
- Kirchner 'Five Woman on a Street' (1913)
- Description
- Five women, all with similar features
- Predominant use of green and black -sickly
- Have side profiles, flatly painted, unclear which side we're viewing from
- Shapeless and elongated, seem bird-like and animalistic
- Space quite enclosive- wall down side makes it claustrophobic
- Enormous collars made from feathers and beak-like chins
- Sinister birds of paradise
- Immediacy of brushstrokes- broken and scribbled
- Ugly in subject, colour and technique
- Rejects decorative nature of Fauves
- Context
- Kirchner an architectural student
- Main source of inspiration the streets of Dresden
- City on the verge- pre-war uneasiness
- Main source of inspiration the streets of Dresden
- One of several paintings of street walkers, some featuring men
- Sense of alienation in the city and sense of anxiety- colour creates tension
- Threat of sexual violence- red lips create a disturbing sensuality
- Plight of women in the prey of man, but they are the ones doing the preying
- Nervousness about STDs with sickly green
- Figures look like death, dressed in black like harpies
- Kirchner an architectural student
- Influences
- Influence of African masks in sharp features and pointed chins
- Some see as brothel scene, which he did several times e.g. in woodcuts in 1913
- Relates to illustration of Adelbert Von Chemisso's story about man who sells his soul to the devil
- Claimed to not have influences, but can see elements of Munch, Fauvism and Van Gogh
- Description
- Kandinsky 'Composition VII' (1913)
- Description
- Large scale 'cataclysmic event'
- Colours evoke violence and chaos but also calm
- Warm colour palette of reds, oranges, yellows
- Rhythmic and decorative
- Rejects traditional representation and moves to abstraction
- 'shows nothing of calculation, only feeling'
- Flatter forms refer to Garden of Eden
- Ladder form references piano keys and the Russian folklore of climbing to salvation
- Desert-like sandunes at top
- Range of angles- acute angles warm and yellow because found in nature, right angle cold and manmade in red
- Verticals seen as positive, horizontals seen as negative
- Mixture of strong, saturated colour and layered forms
- Influences
- Romanticism in individuality of the artist
- Wagner concert 1896, convinced he should focus on art over law
- 'I saw all the colours in my mind...wild almost crazy lines sketched in front of me
- Wagner's The Ring talked of Gesmtkunstwerk - immersive experience of aesthetics
- Title references music
- Tries to achieve visually what music does spiritually
- Close relationship with Schoenberg- changing music how Kandinsky was with art
- Did away with melodic, tonal composition, more about experience
- Taught at Bauhaus and learnt about colour theory and spirituality
- Influence of Fauvists in use of colour and Surrealists in drawing dreams
- Primitivism and children's art
- Biomorphic forms of Miro
- Munch and Van Gogh in interior world interpreted in art
- Context
- Kandinsky said it resembled the great flood
- Took 3 days to complete and the most prep of any of his works
- Set up Blue Rider Group- blue associated with spirituality
- Bright yellow reflects Lubok prints in Russian homes
- Encourages synaesthesia - link between senses
- Kandinsky may have had relationship between colour, music and numbers
- Experienced Russian Revolution and rise of Nazism- art labelled degenerate
- Description
- Intro Points
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