Explanations of Attachment: Bowlby's theory
- Created by: Harry Tigg
- Created on: 31-03-15 15:22
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- Explanations of attachment: Bowlby's theory
- Attachment is adaptive and innate
- Bowlby's theory is evolutionary
- Suggests that attachement is an evolved behavioural system
- Children have innate drive to seek caregiver
- Ensures that a young animal will be safe
- Adaptive behaviour- increases the likelihood of survival
- Children carrying same attachment seeking genes are born
- Bowlby's theory is evolutionary
- Sensitive Period
- Limited window for development of attachment
- There is a sensitive period of development for all biological systems
- For example there is a critical period in the womb for the development of arms
- Bowlby applied this theory to attachment
- For example there is a critical period in the womb for the development of arms
- Bowlby suggested that the second quarter of the first year is critical period for attachments
- once this time is passed it becomes more and more difficult to form attachments
- There is a sensitive period of development for all biological systems
- Limited window for development of attachment
- Caregiving is adaptive
- Drive to provide caregiving is innate as well as attachment
- Social releasers are characteristics found in infants
- These are behaviours such as smiling and crying
- They illicit caregiving
- i.e baby cries-you come to provide care
- They illicit caregiving
- These are behaviours such as smiling and crying
- Social releasers are characteristics found in infants
- Drive to provide caregiving is innate as well as attachment
- A secure base
- Attachment is important for protection
- Caregiver acts as a secure base from which the infant can explore the world
- Attachment encourages independence not dependence
- Caregiver acts as a secure base from which the infant can explore the world
- Attachment is important for protection
- Monotropy and heirarchy
- Infants can form many attachments but one is special
- This is known as the primary attachment figure (PAF)
- PAF is usually mother
- Sensitive responsiveness is key to becoming PAF
- PAF provides main foundation for emotional development, self esteem etc.
- PAF is usually mother
- People other than the PAF are known as secondary attachment figures (SAF's)
- SAF's are extremely important for healthy emotional development
- Children brought up without SAF's tend to lack social skills
- SAF's are extremely important for healthy emotional development
- This is known as the primary attachment figure (PAF)
- Infants can form many attachments but one is special
- Internal working model
- Relationships with AF's creates model of what to expect from future relationships
- Bowlby called this an internal working model
- Relationships with AF's creates model of what to expect from future relationships
- Continuity hypothesis
- Linked to internal working model
- This shows continuity between early experiences and later elationships
- Securely attached individuals continue to be socially and emotionally competent
- Those who are not securely attached have difficulty in later life
- This shows continuity between early experiences and later elationships
- Linked to internal working model
- Attachment is adaptive and innate
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